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US Government Honors Final Exam Questions with complete solution 2023/2024
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US Government Honors Final Exam Questions with complete solution 2023/2024Use this quote written by the English jurist William Blackstone about the common law to answer the question. "For it is an established rule to abide by former precedents, where the same points come again ... to keep the ...

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  • December 30, 2023
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US Government Honors Final Exam

Use this quote written by the English jurist William Blackstone about the common law to answer the
question.



"For it is an established rule to abide by former precedents, where the same points come again ... to
keep the scales of justice even and steady."



Which of the following statements is an accurate rephrasing of Blackstone's argument?

a. The common law is based upon the will of the people who decide what is just and what is not.

b. Courts should interpret each new case based mainly on the judge's personal opinions.

c. Only laws that are written down can be considered by the courts.

d. Judges have a duty to look at previous legal decisions when deciding new cases. - correct answer D.
Judges have a duty to look at previous legal decisions when deciding new cases



Use this quote by the French Enlightenment thinker Baron de Montesquieu to answer the question.



"In every government there are three sorts of power; the legislative; the executive, in respect to things
dependent on the law of nations; and the executive, in regard to things that depend on the civil law."



What principle of government presented by the U.S. Constitution is Montesquieu describing?

a. federalism

b. republicanism

c. separation of power

d. sovereignty - correct answer C. separation of power



According to John Locke, political society is created when individuals voluntarily form a government to
create and enforce laws, thereby protecting the people who form that government. In this social
contract, people give up some of their power to the government, which then rules in their interest. This
is the basis of which of the following concepts?

,a. separation of powers

b. government by consent

c. common law

d. absolute monarchy - correct answer B. government by consent



Which of the following lists the three basic powers a government must have?

a. executive power, legislative power, military power

b. legislative power, executive power, judicial power

c. economic power, judicial power, legislative power

d. judicial power, diplomatic power, executive power - correct answer B. legislative power, executive
power, judicial power



What is government?

a. the services provided a community, such as police protection, fire protection, and public health
programs

b. the laws that protect peoples' rights and ensure the safety of a state's citizens

c. the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies

d. the process by which public officials are elected to and removed from office - correct answer C. the
institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies



According to the lesson text, "Thomas Jefferson called the [Declaration of Independence] 'pure Locke,'"
referring to the English philosopher John Locke.



Which of the following ideas shows Locke's influence on the Declaration of Independence?



a. The king of England has a divine right to rule the colonists, so only God can remove his authority.

b. By violating the social contract with the colonists, the king has lost his authority to rule.

c. Without a king, the colonists will be able to return to a state of nature in which all men are free.

d. The king rules by right of force, so it is just for the colonists to overthrow the king using force. - correct
answer B. By violating the social contract with the colonists, the king has lost all authority to rule

, Read the excerpt and answer the question.



"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their
Creator with certain unalienable Rights, . . ."

—The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United States of America



Which of the following BEST paraphrases this statement?

a. People must show allegiance to their king and country throughout their lives.

b. People need to help others understand their basic rights as citizens.

c. People owe their allegiance first to God, then to the monarch.

d. People are born with certain rights that no one can take from them. - correct answer D. people are
born with certain rights that no one can take from them.



Which of the following was one compromise related to the Declaration of Independence that was agreed
to by the delegates to the Second Continental Congress?

a. Language condemning the slave trade was removed.

b. Language criticizing the English people was strengthened.

c. A list of grievances against the king was removed.

d. A list of grievances against tax collectors was strengthened. - correct answer A. language condemning
the slave trade was removed.



Use the following quotation to answer the question.



"If men were angels, no government would be necessary." —James Madison, Federalist No. 51



Which of the following BEST summarizes this idea?

a. Government is necessary to make policy, but should not control people.

b. Government is necessary, because people do not always behave perfectly.

c. Government is not necessary, but people are better off when it exists.

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