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Women's Health EOR exams 2023/139 Questions and Answers/ Verified/ Updated.
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Women's Health EOR exams 2023/139 Questions andAnswers/ Verified/ Updated.
Which strains of HPV cause the majority of cases of cervical cancer? - -HPV 16 and HPV
18
-What is Naegele's/McDonald's rule for the EDC (estimated date of confinement/due
date)? - -Go back three months from the month of LMP, then add one week to the day
of the LMP.
-Ultrasound should be used for determining gestational age no later than ______
weeks. - -20
*Ultrasound is most accurate in determining gestational age in early pregnancy.
-At what gestational age is the fundus of the uterus usually palpated at the level of the
umbilicus? - -20 weeks.
-What are the phases of the menstrual cycle? - -1. Follicular/proliferative phase: day 1
(start of menstruation) - day 12
2. Ovulation: days 12-14
3. Luteal/secretory phase: days 14-28
-Which hormone predominates during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle? - -
Estrogen
-Which hormone predominates during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle? - -
Progesterone
-The high and fast rise of which hormone causes ovulation (release of ovum from
ovary?) - -Leuteinizing Hormone
,-Which anatomical structure produces estrogen? - -Ovaries
-Which anatomical structure produces LH? - -Anterior pituitary
-Which anatomical structure produces progesterone? - -Corpus luteum (what the
follicle turns into after releasing ovum)
-What is the role of progesterone? - -To enhance the lining of the uterus to prepare for
implantation.
-The steep decline of which two hormones leads to menstruation? - -Estrogen and
progesterone.
Occurs if no egg implantation, and corpus luteum degenerates.
-During the follicular phase, the increase in this hormone exhibits negative feedback on
the HPO axis, suppressing pituitary release of LH and FSH. - -Estrogen
-During ovulation, continued rising levels of this hormone causes increases in estrogen,
FSH, and LH secretion. - -Estrogen
-Which hormone causes the ruptured follicle to become the corpus luteum? - -LH
-Which two hormones does the corpus luteum produce? - -Estrogen and progesterone
(primarily progesterone)
-What range of days is considered normal for duration of the menstrual cycle? - -24-38
days, menstruation lasting 4.5-8 days.
-What is cryptomenorrhea? - -Light flow or spotting.
, -What is metrorrhagia? - -Bleeding between menstrual periods.
-What are the two etiologies of dysfunctional uterine bleeding? - -1. Chronic
anovulation
2. Low estrogen, leading to prolonged progesterone secretion (ovulatory)
-What etiology is responsible for 90% of dysfunctional uterine bleeding? - -Chronic
anovulation.
-What ages is chronic anovulation most commonly seen in? - -Bimodal - teenagers and
perimenopausal women.
-Chronic anovulation is a problem of unopposed _______________. - -Estrogen.
Since ovulation is not occurring, there is no production of progesterone.
-What happens to the endometrium when there is unopposed estrogen? - -The
endometrium overgrows, and outgrows its blood supply, which leads to irregular and
unpredictable shedding of the uterine lining.
-What should be included in the workup of dysfunctional uterine bleeding? - --
Hormone levels: estrogen, progesterone, FSH, TSH(?)
-Pregnancy test
-Transvaginal ultrasound
-Endometrial bx if >4mm endometrial stripe OR pt >35 years old to rule out hyperplasia
or malignancy.
-What is the management for a non-pregnant patient with acute severe vaginal
bleeding? - -As long as patient is stable, first line = high dose OCPs;
Second line = high dose IV estrogens.
Reduce the dose as bleeding improves.
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