NR 324 ADULT HEALTH 1 HEMATOLOGY UPGRADED EXAM WITH ANSWERS

Anemia - deficiency in the number of RBC or hemoglobin; blood loss, decreased RBC production, Increased Destruction Anemia results from lack of... - Folate, Iron, B12, B2, B6 Aplastic Anemia - results in Pancytopenia: decreased levels of ALL blood types (RBC, WBC, Platelets); seen usually in older men B Cells - responsible for memory; recognize bacterial infections Basophils - allergic response Blood drains into what system? - Lymphatic (swollen/ tender nodes due to increased WBCs) Blood Loss Anema - Iron deficiency Anemia ; CBC may not reflect anemia until 3-4 hours after loss (treat pts, not numbers!) Blood Transfusion reaction - bad, bad, bad, cell death=K+ overload=Cardiac Arrest Bruising and Petichiae indicate... - a platelet disorder DIC - Serious, life-treatening bleeding and thrombotic disorder as a result of accelerated clotting which leads to severe deficiency in clotting factors ending in wide-spread bleeding Epopen - A synthetic Erythropoietin used for creation on RBC's in Renal Failure Fibrin - allows platelets to stick together Function of Bone Marrow - Produces blood cells Function of Eosinophils - antigen-antibody reactions(elevated in CA) Function of Leukocytes - responsible for Defense via Immune response and clotting Function of Neutrophils - acute inflammation Functions of Blood - Transportation: O2, CO2, nutrients, hormones, waste Regulation: water, electrolyte balance Protection: fights infection, clotting Functions of Erythrocytes - -Transport O2 and CO2 -Fuse to form hemoglobin Granulocytes - responsible for phagocytosis( they eat) Hemophilia - X-linked recessive genetic disorder most common in men; unable to clot, can lead to a pooling of blood in the joints; Prolonged bleeding from minor injury; Nursing Interventions: teach pt to prevent injuries, no sports, no NSAIDs, no ASA, Hemostasis - clotting Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) - high risk for thrombosis, skin necrosis( due to clots in small vessels), and stroke; stop heparin immediately; S/S: petiechiae, purport, epistaxis Tx:Stop Heparin, start argat