Common Nursing Medication Review IV . IM . SC complete 2024 update
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NR.120 502
Common Nursing Medication Review IV / IM / SC complete 2024 update.
Cefazolin (Ancef) - Class Cephalosporin (First Generation)
Cefazolin (Ancef) - Indication Infection such as :
- Skin infections (including burn wounds)
- Pneumonia
- UTI
- Bone and Joint Infection
- Sept...
Cefazolin (Ancef) - Assessment - Assess for infection (VS, appearance of wounds, sputum,
urine, and stool; WBC)
- Perform history check of any Rx. to penicillin or cephalosporins
- Observe for S/S of anaphylaxis (rash, pruritus, laryngeal edema, wheezing). Keep epinephrine,
antihistamine, resuscitation equipment close in case.
,- Monitor bowel function. Diarrhea, abdominal cramping, fever, and blood stools should be
reported promptly as sign of CDAD (c. diff associated diarrhea)
- Discontinue cephalosporin at first sign of rash; may be life threatening (stevens-johnson
syndrome)
Cefazolin (Ancef) - Patient/Family TeachingInstruct patient to notify health care professional if
rash or fever and diarrhea develop
Cefazolin (Ancef) - Evaluation/Desired Outcome - Resolution of S/S of infection
- Decreased incidence of infection when used as prophylaxis
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Action Competes with histamine for H1-receptor sites on effector
cells in the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, and respiratory tract; blocks chemoreceptor
trigger zone, diminishes vestibular stimulation, and depresses labyrinthine function through its
central anticholinergic activity (which reduces severity of nausea)
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Assessments - Assess allergy symptoms (rhinitis, conjunctivitis,
hives) before and periodically throughout therapy.
- Monitor pulse and BP before initiating and throughout IV therapy.
- Assess lung sounds and character of bronchial secretions.
- Maintain fluid intake of 1500-2000 mL/day to decrease viscosity of secretions.
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Assessments (nausea and vomiting) Assess degree of nausea and
frequency and amount of emesis when administering for nausea and vomiting.
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Assessments (Anxiety) Assess mental status, mood, and behavior
when administering for anxiety.
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Implementation When use of prophylaxis of motion sickness,
administer at least 30 minutes and preferably 1-2 hr before exposure to conditions that may
precipitate motion sickness
when administering concurrently with opioid analgesics, supervise ambulation to prevent injury
secondary to increased sedation
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) - Patient/Family Teaching - Inform patient drowsiness may occur
- Avoid with alcohol or CNS depressants
- Good oral hygiene, sugarless gum, or candy may help relieve dryness of mouth
, Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Class antihistamine
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Indication Relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine
release including:
Anaphylaxis,
Seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis,
Allergic dermatoses.
Parkinson's disease and dystonic reactions from medications.
Mild nighttime sedation.
Prevention of motion sickness.
Antitussive (syrup only).
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Action Competes with histamine for H1-receptor sites on
effector cells in the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, and respiratory tract; anticholinergic and
sedative effects are also seen
Overdose symptoms may vary from CNS depression (sedation, apnea, hypotension,
cardiovascular collapse, death) to severe paradoxical Rx (hallucinations, tremors, seizures).
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Assessment If pt is having acute allergic reaction, obtain history
of recently ingested foods, drugs, environmental exposure, emotional stress.
Monitor B/P rate; depth, rhythm, type of respiration; quality, rate of pulse. Assess lung sounds
for rhonchi, wheezing, rales.
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Patient Teaching - May cause drowsiness
- May cause dry mouth
- Teach sleep hygiene technique (dark room, quiet bedtime ritual, limit daytime napping,
avoidance of nicotine and caffeine)
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