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MSN 611 practice exam/100 Answered Questions
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MSN 611 practice exam/100Answered Questions
A 38-year-old male patient presents to the clinic complaining of his struggles
with alcohol use disorder. The patient mentions he is ready to follow through
with this decision and quit. His vital signs show a blood pressure of 122/84
mmHg and a heart rate of 86 bpm. A drug is recommended to help him along
with this process, but he is warned of the side effects if he drinks alcohol
with it. If he drinks alcohol while taking this drug, what is the toxic byproduct
that leads to nausea and severe vomiting? - -Acetaldehyde
-A 25-year-old woman presents to the clinic after developing a fever and
runny nose. Her sister was diagnosed with influenza two days ago, and she
had the same symptoms that began this morning. What is the recommended
prophylactic drug for this condition? - -Oseltamivir
-A 55-year-old woman presents to the clinic for a routine diabetes care
check-up. Her past medical history includes type 2 diabetes mellitus and
obesity with a body mass index (BMI) of 29 kg/m2. Her latest hemoglobin
A1c is 8.5%. The patient is on metformin 1000 mg twice a day and has
intentionally lost nearly 10 pounds (4.5 kg) since her diagnosis of diabetes
six months ago. The clinician decides to start her on cholestyramine. How
does this medication affect other drugs? - -Decreases absorption of drugs
-What agent directly stimulates the dopamine receptor and is used for the
treatment of Parkinson disease? - -Pramipexole
-A 45-year-old patient with extreme obesity is receiving a heparin infusion
for a pulmonary embolus. After 12 hours, the patient is noted to have
significant epistaxis. The morning laboratory report reveals aPTT 246 sec, K+
4.6 mmol/l, Na+ 136 mmol/l. Which of the following drugs can be given to
help stop the epistaxis? - -Promtamine sulfate
-A 31-year-old female presents with complaints of shortness of breath,
fever, dyspnea on exertion, cough, and pleuritic chest pain. Chest
radiographs show bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. The patient states that she
started an antibiotic for recurrent urinary tract infections eight days ago.
What antibiotic is most commonly associated with this presentation? - -
Nitrofurantoin
-A 55-year-old man presents to the hospital with complaints of profuse, foul-
smelling diarrhea for one day. The patient was in the usual state of health
before this episode and denied eating outside or being in contact with
anyone with a similar illness. However, he recalls visiting his primary care
,provider two weeks ago to obtain treatment for bacterial sore throat. He
denies any significant family or medical history. Which of the following is the
most likely cause of the patient's condition? - -Previous treatment with
amoxicillin/ clavulanate
-Which of the following drugs is most likely to precipitate congestive heart
failure? - -Verapamil
-A 40-year-old male is currently under treatment for lymphoma. He has
been treated with multiple chemotherapeutic agents. On his visit, he
complains of paresthesias in his legs that include numbness and tingling.
Vital signs are pulse rate 70/min, blood pressure 115/75 mmHg, respiratory
rate 18/min, and temperature 98.6 F (37°C). On examination, there is
decreased sensation on both the lower limbs and the muscle power is
normal. What is the mechanism of action of this agent? - -Inhibits the
formation of microtubles
-A 70-year-old woman with angina pectoris, liver cirrhosis, and a 40-year
pack history presents to the emergency department for unrelenting chest
pain. She was prescribed 0.5 mg nitroglycerin tablets a month ago for the
acute management of chest pain. She states that she was taking her dog out
for a walk when the chest pain started and that she took the prescribed
nitroglycerin three times to no avail. When asked about how she took the
nitroglycerin tablet, she says, "I swallowed it as I was told to." What is the
most likely reason why the nitroglycerin tablet did not work in treating her
chest pain? - -Incorrect administration
-A 21-year old man is brought to the emergency department in an
unconscious state. The patient is unresponsive with a pulse rate of 90/min,
blood pressure of 100/60 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 6/min. His pupils
are constricted and nonreactive to the light stimulus. His friends report that
he has been into recreational drug abuse. The provider decides to administer
a drug to help him. Where would this drug act? - -Mu opioid receptors
-A 33-year-old woman presents to the clinic with complaints of episodes of
severe headaches and transient vision loss for the past 15 days. The patient
reports that the headaches are throbbing in nature, located behind the eyes,
aggravated by eye movements, associated with nausea, and 7/10 on the
severity scale. The patient has no past medical history and does not take any
medications. Her current BMI is 28 kg/m2. Currently, she is afebrile and
hemodynamically stable. Physical examination reveals an uncomfortable
woman with no acute distress. Her visual acuity is 20/60 in both eyes. A
fundoscopic examination reveals papilledema. There is a mild decrease in
peripheral vision. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in
managing this patient? - -A drug that inhibits carbonic anhydrase
, -A 65-year-old man complains of a diminished urine stream and reports
several trips to the bathroom to urinate at night, resulting in minimal voids. A
digital rectal examination reveals an enlarged prostate. Prostate-specific
antigen levels are within normal limits. The patient is started on finasteride 5
mg by mouth daily, and he reports symptomatic resolution six months after
initiating therapy. Which of the following is a common adverse effect
associated with this medication? - -Gynecomastia
-A 65-year-old man was referred to the clinic for complaints of abdominal
pain, frothiness in urine, and breathlessness for the past week. He has a
history of atrial fibrillation and is currently on warfarin for the past 14 months
and a history of hypertension, which is controlled with hydrochlorothiazide.
There are signs of edema in the ankle region. The renal function test shows a
serum creatinine of 6.37 mg/dL and urea of 185 mg/dL. Blood reports also
show an albumin level of 2.1 g/dl and proteinuria of 2.5 g/day. Renal
histology revealed occlusion of renal tubules by red blood cell cast. The
patient is started renal replacement therapy. One of the drugs given to him
leads to an increase in the levels of bradykinin by blocking its breakdown.
Which of the following drug has the same mechanism of action as described
above? - -Captopril
-A 65-year-old man has elevated blood pressure that required three
antihypertensive medications, followed by the addition of a fourth
medication within the last year. Six months later, he is seen in the clinic
complaining of enlarged breasts. Which of the following drugs is most likely
the cause of the patient's condition? - -Spironolactone
-A 40-year-old man presents to the healthcare provider for a follow-up
regarding a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia. During his clinic
visit, his blood pressure was 125/80 mmHg. He brought his daily blood
pressure log, which shows that his blood pressure has been well-controlled.
For medical management, he is currently taking a VMAT pathway blocker
from the plant Rauwolfia serpentina. However, the provider decided to
discontinue this medication after the patient is diagnosed with a new medical
condition. Which of the following conditions would warrant discontinuance of
this medication? - -Depression
-A 65-year-old woman presents to the clinic with complaints of dry mouth
and eyes, blurred vision, decreased sweating, and flushing of her skin for the
past few days. On systemic inquiry, she also gives a history of constipation.
She was diagnosed with urge incontinence one year back and was started on
medication recently due to a lack of improvement via lifestyle modifications.
Her presenting symptoms can be attributed to the adverse effects caused by
her recent medication, which is most likely which of the following? - -
Oxybutynin
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