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Samenvatting Essential Psychotherapies, Third Edition - Psychologische modellen van hulpverlening
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Samenvatting door Jade Vanoverbeke3e Bachelor pedagogische wetenschappen
Academiejaar 2017-2018
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INHOUDSOPGAVE R
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HOOFDSTUK 1: HEDENDAAGSE KWESTIES IN PSYCHOTHERAPEUTISCHE D THEORIE,
PRAKTIJK EN ONDERZOEK ......................................................................................................
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7
1. Inleiding ......................................................................................................................... 6
1
2. De evolutie van psychotherapie en van de “essentiële therapieën” ....................... 6
3
3. Een referentiekader voor de vergelijking8van psychotherapieën ............................ 7
4. Historische achtergrond ...............................................................................................
9 7
5. Het persoonlijkheidsconcept .......................................................................................
2 7
6. Psychologische gezondheid en pathologie ................................................................ 8
7. Proces van klinische assessment (= evaluatie) .......................................................... 8
8. De praktijk van de therapie ......................................................................................... 8
9. De therapeutische relatie en het standpunt van de therapeut ................................ 9
10. Curatieve factoren of veranderingsmechanismen .................................................... 9
11. Toepasbaarheid en ethische overwegingen ............................................................... 9
12. Onderzoeksevidentie .................................................................................................. 10
Psychotherapeutisch proces en onderzoek naar de resultaten ................................................. 10
Evidence-based practice: de wetenschap en praktijk van psychotherapie ............................ 10
13. Huidige en toekomstige trends: CODA-integratie en specialisatie in
psychotherapie .................................................................................................................... 11
Integratie ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
Specialisatie ................................................................................................................................................ 11
14. Casus ............................................................................................................................ 11
HOOFDSTUK 3: RELATIONELE PSYCHOANALYTISCE PSYCHOTHERAPIE ......................... 12
1. Historische achtergrond............................................................................................. 12
2. Persoonlijkheidsconcept ............................................................................................ 13
3. Psychologische gezondheid en pathologie .............................................................. 14
4. Proces van klinische assessment ............................................................................... 14
5. Praktijk van de therapie ............................................................................................. 14
De basisstructuur van therapie ............................................................................................................ 14
Doelen stellen ............................................................................................................................................ 15
Aspecten van de behandeling .............................................................................................................. 15
6. Therapeutische relatie ................................................................................................ 17
Zelfopenbaring (self-disclosure) .......................................................................................................... 17
7. Curatieve factoren ...................................................................................................... 17
8. Toepasbaarheid en ethische overwegingen............................................................. 17
9. Onderzoeksevidentie .................................................................................................. 18
10. Huidige en toekomstige trends ................................................................................. 18
11. Casus Scott .................................................................................................................. 18
HOOFDSTUK 4: GEDRAGSTHERAPIE .................................................................................... 20
1. Inleiding ....................................................................................................................... 20
2. Historische achtergrond ............................................................................................. 20
3. Persoonlijkheidsconcept ............................................................................................ 20
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4. Psychologische gezondheid en pathologie A .............................................................. 21
5. Proces van klinische assessment ...............................................................................
R 21
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Conceptuele problemen in gedragsevaluatie.................................................................................. 21
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Evaluatiestrategieën in gedragstherapie .......................................................................................... 22
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6. Praktijk van de therapie ............................................................................................. 23
D
Psycho-educatie ........................................................................................................................................ 23
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Blootstellingsstrategieën ........................................................................................................................
7 23
Responspreventie ......................................................................................................................................
1 23
Operante strategieën...............................................................................................................................
3 24
Behavioral activation ..............................................................................................................................
8 24
Sociale- en communicatievaardigheidstraining 9 ............................................................................ 24
Modeling ......................................................................................................................................................
2 25
Problem-solving training ....................................................................................................................... 25
Relaxatiestrategieën ................................................................................................................................ 25
Mindfulness and acceptance-based strategies ............................................................................... 25
Het trainen van emotieregulatie vaardigheden ............................................................................. 26
7. Therapeutische relatie ................................................................................................ 26
8. Curatieve factoren ...................................................................................................... 26
Veranderingen in omgevingscontingenties ..................................................................................... 26
Emotionele verwerking en inhiberend leren .................................................................................... 26
Cognitieve modellen ................................................................................................................................ 26
Veranderingen in relatie cliënt met interne ervaringen .............................................................. 27
Biologische veranderingen .................................................................................................................... 27
9. Toepasbaarheid en ethische overwegingen ............................................................. 27
Toepasbaarheid ......................................................................................................................................... 27
Ethische overwegingen ........................................................................................................................... 27
10. Onderzoeksevidentie .................................................................................................. 27
11. Huidige en toekomstige trends ................................................................................. 27
12. Casus Deborah............................................................................................................. 28
H O O F D S T U K 7 : P E R S O N - C E N T E R E D P S Y C H O T H E R A P I E .............................. 29
1. Inleiding ....................................................................................................................... 29
2. Historische achtergrond............................................................................................. 29
Carl Rogers ................................................................................................................................................. 29
Eugene Gendlin ......................................................................................................................................... 29
Laura Rice en Leslie Greenberg............................................................................................................ 30
Gestalt psychotherapie ........................................................................................................................... 30
Cliëntentypes waarmee de aanpak oorspronkelijk werd ontwikkeld...................................... 30
3. Persoonlijkheidsconcept ............................................................................................ 30
Persoonlijkheid als proces...................................................................................................................... 30
Ervaren en gevoelens............................................................................................................................... 31
Emoties ......................................................................................................................................................... 31
Dialectisch constructivisme ................................................................................................................... 31
Theorie van ontwikkeling....................................................................................................................... 31
4. Psychologische gezondheid en pathologie .............................................................. 32
Wanneer iemand volledig functioneert............................................................................................ 32
5. Proces van klinische assessment ............................................................................... 32
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6. Praktijk van de therapie .............................................................................................
A 33
Filosofie van de therapie ........................................................................................................................
R 33
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Basisstructuur............................................................................................................................................. 33
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Doelstelling ................................................................................................................................................. 33
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Technieken en strategieën ..................................................................................................................... 33
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Proces van de therapie ........................................................................................................................... 34
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7. Therapeutische relatie ................................................................................................
7 34
Oprechtheid als basis voor therapeutisch eclecticisme................................................................
1 35
Overdracht en tegenoverdracht...........................................................................................................
3 35
8. Curatieve factoren ......................................................................................................
8 36
Inzicht ...........................................................................................................................................................
9 36
De rol van de persoonlijkheid van de therapeut ........................................................................... 36
2
Factoren dat het succes van de persoon gecentreerde en ervaringsgerichte therapie
limiteren....................................................................................................................................................... 36
Genezende factoren gedeeld met andere aanpakken ................................................................. 36
9. Toepasbaarheid en ethische overwegingen............................................................. 36
10. Onderzoeksevidentie .................................................................................................. 37
Onderzoek naar therapieresultaten ................................................................................................... 37
Onderzoek naar het proces van de therapie ................................................................................... 37
11. Casus Kevin .................................................................................................................. 37
HOOFDSTUK 9: GEZINSTHERAPIEËN.................................................................................... 39
1. Historische achtergrond............................................................................................. 39
2. Gezinsconcept ............................................................................................................. 39
Gezinsontwikkeling .................................................................................................................................. 40
Normaal gezinsfunctioneren ................................................................................................................ 40
Pathologisch of dysfunctioneel gezinsfunctioneren ...................................................................... 41
3. Proces van klinische assessment ............................................................................... 41
Multisysteem, multimethode benadering ......................................................................................... 42
4. Gezinstherapiemodellen ............................................................................................ 42
Psychodynamische gezinstherapie ..................................................................................................... 43
Intergenerationele – contextuele gezinstherapie ........................................................................... 44
Experiëntiële en humanistische gezinstherapieën: symbolische – experiëntiële
gezinstherapie............................................................................................................................................ 45
Strategische gezinstherapie .................................................................................................................. 46
Systemische gezinstherapie................................................................................................................... 47
Structurele gezinstherapie ..................................................................................................................... 48
Cognitieve en behavioristische gezinstherapie ............................................................................... 50
Psycho-educatieve gezinstherapie ...................................................................................................... 51
Postmoderne familie therapie .............................................................................................................. 52
Integratieve modellen ............................................................................................................................. 53
5. Besluit .......................................................................................................................... 56
HOOFDSTUK 12: INTEGRATIEVE BENADERINGEN VAN PSYCHOTHERAPIE .................... 57
1. Historische achtergrond............................................................................................. 57
Modellen van psychotherapeutische integratie .............................................................................. 58
Het lichaam binnenbrengen in psychotherapeutische integratie ............................................ 59
2. Persoonlijkheidsconcept ............................................................................................ 59
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