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  3. Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)
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  5. Management, Zorg En Beleid In De Gerontologie
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  7. Active ageing bio psycho sociale strategieën (4012413ENW)

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SAMENVATTING Active Ageing
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  • Course
  • Active ageing bio psycho sociale strategieën (4012413ENW)
  • Institution
  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

Uitgebreide samenvatting van het vak active ageing. De Engelstalige lessen werden hierin vertaald. De lessen rond valpreventie, fixatie, palliatieve zorg en euthanasie, voeding, autonomie en verpleegkunde wordt verwezen naar de powerpoints omdat deze eenvoudig te studeren zijn.

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Document information

  • January 5, 2024
  • 212
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

Subjects

  • depressie en suicide
  • ergotherapie
  • fixatie
  • physical activity
  • healthy ageing
  • joint degeneration
  • dementia
  • nutritie
  • euthanasie
  • postural changes
  • sarcopenia
  • valpreventie
  • verpleegkundige aspecten

Written for

  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)
  • Management, Zorg en Beleid in de Gerontologie
  • Active ageing bio psycho sociale strategieën (4012413ENW)
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ACTIVE AGEING: BIO-PSYCHO-
SOCIALE STRATEGIEËN
Prof. Dr. Ivan BAUTMANS




2022-2023
VUB
Nico Simons

,Inhoudsopgave

1. Gezond ouder worden: wat is het en waarom is lichaamsbeweging belangrijk? ...................................... 6

1.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................. 6

1.2 Gezond ouder worden (Healthy Ageing)................................................................................................ 6

1.3 Kwetsbaarheid is de belangrijkste belemmering voor gezond ouder worden ....................................... 8

1.4 Anticiperen op kwetsbaarheid door het monitoren van handgreepspiervermoeidheid als biomarker
van de fysieke reserves van ouderen. ............................................................................................................... 11

1.5 Concepten ............................................................................................................................................ 12

1.5.1 Verschil tussen fysieke activiteit en fysieke oefening .......................................................................... 18

1.6 Feiten en cijfers .................................................................................................................................... 19

1.6.1 Onderliggende mechanismen .............................................................................................................. 19

1.7 Motivatie om te bewegen .................................................................................................................... 23


2. Depressie ............................................................................................................................................... 25

2.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 25

2.2 Majeure depressieve stoornis .............................................................................................................. 25

2.3 Persistente depressieve stoornis (dysthymie) ...................................................................................... 27

2.4 Epidemiologie ...................................................................................................................................... 27

2.5 Depressie en dementie......................................................................................................................... 30

2.6 Stress diathese model .......................................................................................................................... 31

2.7 Risicofactoren ...................................................................................................................................... 32

2.8 Beschermende factoren ....................................................................................................................... 33

2.9 Effect risicofactoren ............................................................................................................................. 33

2.10 Risicogroepen ...................................................................................................................................... 34

2.11 Gevolgen .............................................................................................................................................. 34

2.12 Depressie en fysieke beperking ............................................................................................................ 34

2.13 Opsporen van depressie ....................................................................................................................... 35

2.13.1 Inleiding ........................................................................................................................................... 35

2.13.2 Verschillende niveaus om depressie op te sporen ........................................................................... 36



1

, 2.14 Behandeling ......................................................................................................................................... 43

2.14.1 Farmacotherapie ............................................................................................................................. 44

2.14.2 Psychotherapie ................................................................................................................................ 44

2.14.3 Electroconvulsie therapie (ECT) ....................................................................................................... 45


3. Suïcide ................................................................................................................................................... 46

3.1 Betekenis ............................................................................................................................................. 46

3.2 Letaliteit ............................................................................................................................................... 47

3.3 Attituden t.o.v. suïcide bij ouderen ...................................................................................................... 48

3.4 Risicofactoren ...................................................................................................................................... 49

3.5 Screening en behandeling suïcidaliteit ................................................................................................ 49

3.6 Samengevat ......................................................................................................................................... 50


4. Sarcopenie ............................................................................................................................................. 52

4.1 Begrip................................................................................................................................................... 52

4.2 Architecturale veranderingen .............................................................................................................. 55

4.3 Biomechanisch eigenschappen muscle tendon .................................................................................... 57

4.4 Bedrust................................................................................................................................................. 61

4.5 Malnutritie ........................................................................................................................................... 62

4.6 Ontsteking en cachexie ........................................................................................................................ 63

4.6.1 Acute ontsteking .................................................................................................................................. 65

4.6.2 Cachexie ............................................................................................................................................... 66

4.6.3 Epidemiologie en functionele impact van sarcopenie.......................................................................... 66

4.6.4 Sarcopenische obesitas ........................................................................................................................ 72

4.6.5 Antagonist muscle co-activation ......................................................................................................... 77

4.6.6 Dynapenie ............................................................................................................................................ 79

4.6.7 EWGSOP............................................................................................................................................... 80

4.6.8 Andere werkgroepen ........................................................................................................................... 88

4.7 Sarcopenie tegengaan ......................................................................................................................... 95

4.7.1 Weerstandstraining ............................................................................................................................. 95



2

, 4.7.2 Nieuwste bewijsmateriaal van strenght trainingstests bij kwetsbare ouderen ................................. 100

4.7.3 Voedingssupplementen ..................................................................................................................... 101

4.7.4 Weerstandstraining ........................................................................................................................... 102

4.7.5 Hoe organiseer je fitness voor senioren? ........................................................................................... 103

4.7.6 Individuele oefeningen voor thuis ...................................................................................................... 106

4.7.7 Belangrijk ........................................................................................................................................... 107

4.8 Spierzwakte in de acute situatie: oorzaken en oplossingen............................................................... 108

4.8.1 Oefenen in acute situaties om spierzwakte tegen te gaan ................................................................ 124

4.8.2 Voedingssupplementen ..................................................................................................................... 127

4.8.3 Samenvatting..................................................................................................................................... 128


5. Postural changes and functional performance at higher age ................................................................ 130

5.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................. 130

5.2 Cervicale houdingsveranderingen bij veroudering ............................................................................ 130

5.3 Houdingsafwijkingen van de thoracale wervelkolom (Hyperkyfose) ................................................. 133


6. Ergotherapie ........................................................................................................................................ 158

6.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................. 158
Doel ............................................................................................................................................................ 158
Historiek ..................................................................................................................................................... 158
Theoretisch kader ....................................................................................................................................... 158
Definitie ...................................................................................................................................................... 158
Activiteiten uit het dagelijkse leven ........................................................................................................... 158
Zelfzorg ....................................................................................................................................................... 158
Huishoudelijke activiteiten ......................................................................................................................... 159
Advanced activities of daily living............................................................................................................... 159
Behoefte pyramide ..................................................................................................................................... 159
Mentale beeld ............................................................................................................................................ 159
Betekenisvol handelen ............................................................................................................................... 160
Bewijs ......................................................................................................................................................... 160
Wat bij chronische aandoeningen? ............................................................................................................ 160

6.2 Op bewijs gebaseerd .......................................................................................................................... 161
Zoektermen ................................................................................................................................................ 161

6.3 Zinvolle activiteiten en kwaliteit van leven ........................................................................................ 161

3

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