Dit is een samenvatting van het vak Supply Chain Fundamentals/Supply Chain Management, gegeven door Peter Verspecht aan bedrijfsmanagement op Thomas More. De samenvatting bevat de slides, notities uit de les, de gastcolleges en ook het boek (Hoofdstuk 1, 2, 6 & 7). In deze samenvatting staat alles ...
Table of Contents
Van logis*eke flow tot supply chain management.............................................................. 5
Introduc)e ..................................................................................................................................5
Logis)ek management versus supply chain management ...........................................................6
Hoofdstuk 1: Geschiedenis van de logis*ek en het belang voor de economie .................... 11
Economisch belang van de logis)ek .......................................................................................... 11
Logis)ek en de toekomst .......................................................................................................... 14
Digitale transforma)e en informa)e ......................................................................................... 14
Blockchain ................................................................................................................................ 15
Technologische innova)e .......................................................................................................... 15
Duurzaamheid & circulaire economie ....................................................................................... 15
De SDG wedding Cake Chart...................................................................................................... 16
CO2- uitstoot & alterna)eve brandstoffen ................................................................................ 16
Sociale dumping en sociale arbeidsomstandigheden ................................................................. 17
Hoofdstuk 2: Logis*ek concept ......................................................................................... 18
Het logis)eke concept ............................................................................................................... 18
Hoe werkt het concept? ............................................................................................................ 18
Logis)eke doelstellingen ........................................................................................................... 19
De logis)eke flow ..................................................................................................................... 19
De logis)eke flow heeS 3 belangrijke stromen .......................................................................... 20
Logis)eke grondvorm ............................................................................................................... 21
Klantenorderontkopperlpunt = KOOP........................................................................................ 21
MAKE OR BUY ........................................................................................................................... 25
E-business ................................................................................................................................. 26
E-commerce .............................................................................................................................. 27
................................................................................................................................................. 27
Online marktplaatsen ............................................................................................................... 27
From channels to brand ............................................................................................................ 28
Van 1 PL to 5 PL – OUTSOURCING.............................................................................................. 29
Van 1PL to 5PL .......................................................................................................................... 30
4PL – End to end pharma supply chain ...................................................................................... 30
Voor- en Nadelen OUTSOURCING.............................................................................................. 32
E-business en E-commerce ........................................................................................................ 32
1
, E-fullfilment .............................................................................................................................. 34
Cost drivers @ warehouse? ....................................................................................................... 35
Hoe kunnen we in Europa nog het verschil maken? ................................................................... 35
7 factoren die fundamenteel anders zijn voor de Logis)eke Opera)es & e-Commerce fulfilment
................................................................................................................................................. 36
Impact logis)ek op bedrijfsresultaat ......................................................................................... 36
De plaats van logis)ek in de waardeketen................................................................................. 37
E-loca*e factoren ............................................................................................................. 38
Kip-ei probleem ........................................................................................................................ 38
E-supply chain........................................................................................................................... 38
E-loca)estudie .......................................................................................................................... 38
NUTS-1-regioniveau .................................................................................................................. 38
21 e-loca)efactoren / 7 clusters ................................................................................................ 39
Scoring...................................................................................................................................... 40
Toelich)ng e-loca)efactoren ..................................................................................................... 40
Scoringsmatrix .......................................................................................................................... 40
Wegingsfactoren ....................................................................................................................... 41
Ranking – top loca)es ............................................................................................................... 41
Posi)e Vlaanderen binnen de 7 clusters .................................................................................... 41
Sensi)viteitsanalyse ................................................................................................................. 42
Conclusie .................................................................................................................................. 42
Urban & waste logis*cs – covid impacts ........................................................................... 43
Focus op B2C Last Mile network ................................................................................................ 43
Last mile PUSH .......................................................................................................................... 43
Last mile PULL ........................................................................................................................... 44
Last mile trends doorheen de jaren ........................................................................................... 45
Data flow .................................................................................................................................. 46
Last mile Torfs – City Depots ..................................................................................................... 47
Last mile complex & kost .......................................................................................................... 47
B2C Last mile & webshop: markt principes ................................................................................ 48
Covid impact ............................................................................................................................. 48
Pandemiegolf 1 ......................................................................................................................... 48
Ervaringen ................................................................................................................................ 49
Zomer 2020 .............................................................................................................................. 49
Pandemiegolf 2 ......................................................................................................................... 50
Gelijkaardige sectoren qua business strategie? ......................................................................... 50
2
, Vracht in de passagiersvlieSuigen ............................................................................................. 51
Impacts op urban areas / stedelijke gebieden ........................................................................... 51
Impact & gevolgen .................................................................................................................... 51
Impact 1: groei “own fleets” in urban areas .............................................................................. 51
Impact 2: Mul) carrier model – voornamelijk in steden ............................................................ 52
Mul) carrier model with UCC .................................................................................................... 52
Impact 3: beleidsmakers “preferen de s)lle stad” ..................................................................... 52
Hoofdstuk 6: Distribu*e ................................................................................................... 53
6.1 Distribu)ekanalen............................................................................................................... 53
6.1.1 Commerciële distribu)e ................................................................................................... 53
6.1.2 Fysieke distribu)e ............................................................................................................ 54
6.2 Soorten distribu)ecentra .................................................................................................... 54
6.2.1 Logis)eke grondvorm ....................................................................................................... 57
6.2.2 Keuze en loca)e van het distribu)ecentrum ..................................................................... 57
6.3 De transpornunc)e ............................................................................................................. 58
6.3.1 Transportuitdagingen ....................................................................................................... 58
6.3.2 Lege vrachten en beladingsgraad ...................................................................................... 59
6.3.3 Transportop)malisa)e ..................................................................................................... 59
6.4 Transportmodi .................................................................................................................... 60
6.4.1 Hinterland Vervoer ........................................................................................................... 61
Wegvervoer .............................................................................................................................. 61
Binnenvaart .............................................................................................................................. 62
Spoorvervoer ............................................................................................................................ 63
Pijpleidingen ............................................................................................................................. 65
6.4.2 Intercon)nentaal vervoer ................................................................................................. 66
Zeevervoer ............................................................................................................................... 67
Luchtvracht ............................................................................................................................... 69
6.4.3 Mul)modaal transport ..................................................................................................... 70
6.4.4 Incoterms ......................................................................................................................... 70
6.5 Value added logis)cs and value added services ................................................................... 71
6.5.1 Value added logis)cs ........................................................................................................ 71
6.5.2 Value added services ........................................................................................................ 71
6.5.3 tracking & tracing ............................................................................................................. 72
6.6 Producteigenschappen en verpakking ................................................................................. 73
6.6.1 Producteigenschappen ..................................................................................................... 73
6.6.2 Dangerous goods.............................................................................................................. 74
3
, 6.6.3 Voedselketen en gevarenanalyse kri)sche controlepunten ............................................... 74
6.6.4 Verpakkingen ................................................................................................................... 75
6.7 Outsourcing ........................................................................................................................ 76
6.8 Distribu)e in de supply chain .............................................................................................. 76
6.8.1 Func)oneel vs. innova)ef................................................................................................. 77
6.8.2 Push vs. pulldistribu)e ..................................................................................................... 77
6.8.3 De last mile ...................................................................................................................... 77
6.8.4 Stadsdistribu)e ................................................................................................................ 78
6.8.5 Modal shiS is mental shiS ................................................................................................ 78
Hoofdstuk 7: Retourlogis*ek ............................................................................................ 80
7.1 Reverse Logis)cs ................................................................................................................. 80
Cradle to cradle / Afval = voedsel .............................................................................................. 82
7.1 Circulaire economie & reverse logis)cs................................................................................ 84
Soorten retourstromen ............................................................................................................. 86
Redenen voor retourstromen .................................................................................................... 90
Organisator van retourstromen ................................................................................................. 91
7.2 Retourstrategiën ................................................................................................................. 91
Strategie 1 = Niet ...................................................................................................................... 91
Strategie 2 = zo pijnloos mogelijk .............................................................................................. 92
Strategie 3 = winst .................................................................................................................... 92
URBAN MINING ........................................................................................................................ 93
7.3 Verpakkingen ...................................................................................................................... 93
Redenen ................................................................................................................................... 93
Redenen voor verpakking ......................................................................................................... 96
Opbouw van verpakking in de logis)eke keten.......................................................................... 98
Verpakkingstrends voor de toekomst ........................................................................................ 98
Rethink packaging – waarom?................................................................................................... 99
Rethink packaging in logis)cs .................................................................................................. 101
7.5 Circulaire economie in de supply chain .............................................................................. 102
Gastles 6/11 Delhaize: opera*onal excellence & con*nuous improvement case ............. 105
Pharma en Zorg logis*ek ............................................................................................... 107
Unit T gastles ................................................................................................................. 112
4
, Van logis*eke flow tot supply chain management
Introduc)e
Vision logis)cs: verwijst naar het toepassen van geavanceerde technologie, waaronder
gebruik van wearables, IoT (internet of things), AI (arCficial intelligence), om logisCeke
processen te verbeteren, te opCmaliseren en te stroomlijnen.
Voorbeeld: IoT in transport Sensoren op vrachtwagens, schepen of containers kunnen
worden gebruikt om de locaCe van goederen in real-Cme te volgen. Dit helpt bij het
opCmaliseren van de routeplanning, het verminderen van vertragingen en het verbeteren
van de algehele efficiënCe van het transportproces
Uberisa)on in de logis)ek: model dat gebruik maakt van het concept van gedeelde
middelen.
Voorbeeld: Individuen kunnen hun voertuigen of middelen delen voor leveringen. Mensen
kunnen zelf op een app gaan en dan pakjes meenemen om te leveren.
Statements:
• Logistiek is een van de grootste vervuilers in de industrie: juist, maar de grootste vervuiler
is de mens.
• Logistiek is een vd meest innoverende sectoren: juist, er wordt veel geld gestoken in
logistiek en supply chain.
• Er zijn weinig investeringen in de sector van de logistiek: fout.
, Logis)ek management versus supply chain management
LogisCek:
• Belangrijke bron van toegevoegde waarde in de economie.
• Genereert veel arbeidsplaatsen voor zowel laag-, midden-, als hoogopgeleide
profielen.
MAAR OOK
• iedereen ergert zich aan vrachtwagens in de file en lawaai van overvliegende
toestellen.
• Ecologische afdruk van dat verkeer.
Mensen willen het hele jaar door kiwi’s uit Nieuw-Zeeland eten, smartphones uit Korea
kopen, goedkope mode uit Bangladesh en wijnen uit California, etc
Toegevoegde waarde = waarde die wordt toegevoegd aan het product door het
producCeproces.
LogisCek management
Beperkt zich tot het managen en opCmaliseren van de eigen logisCeke flow in een
organisaCe.
• Logis)ek in de enge zin: de taken die betrekking hebben op goederenvervoer en de
bijbehorende ondersteunende diensten.
• Logis)ek in de ruime zin: logisCek is overal aanwezig, van een ziekenhuis tot een
fesCval en van een producCebedrijf tot en dienstenbedrijf.
LogisCek omvat:
• de organisaCe, planning, besturing, uitvoering
• van goederenstromen, gegevensstromen en geldstromen.
• vanaf de ontwikkeling en inkoop via producCe, via distribuCe naar de afnemer →
inclusief retourstromen
• Met als doel:
o voldoen aan de behoe_en van de markt (langdurige klantenrelaCes)
o zo laag mogelijke kosten (opCmaal)
o zo laag mogelijk kapitaalgebruik (bv voorraden)
“Juiste product, op juiste plaats, op juiste moment.”
6
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