Neuron
• Functionele eenheid
• Dendriet ontvangt informatie en stuurt nr cellichaam
• Cellichaam bevat alle organellen van een eukaryote cel
• Axon vervoert signaal weg van cellichaam
• Shwanncell kan rondom axon zitten: signaaloverdracht versnellen
• Knoop van Ranvier: ruimte tussen Shwanncellen
• Synaps: signaaloverdracht tussen zenuwcel en andere cel via synaptische vesikels met
neurotransmitters
Soorten neuronen
• Sensorische neuronen: afferente takken:
‣ lange dendriet, kort axon
‣ Dragen imput over naar CZS
‣ Sensorische imput: zien, horen, ruiken
‣ Sensibele imput: druk, pijn, temperatuur
‣ Soms rechtstreekse signaaloverdracht zonder tussenkomst CZS —> reflex
• Motorische neuronen: efferente takken:
‣ Korte dendrieten, lang axon
‣ Dragen signaal van CZS naar spieren en klieren (effectoren)
, CZS PZS
Hersenen en ruggenmerg 43 zenuwparen vertrekkend vanuit het CZS
, 3.
8.
1.
6.
1. N. Olfactorius 3. 8. 7.
2. N. Opticus
3. N. Oculomotorius 4. 9.
9.
4. N. Trochlearis
5. N. Trigeminus 7. 10.
6.
6. N. Abducens
7. N. Facialis 11.
8. N. Vestibulocochlearis
9. N. Glossopharyngeus 12.
10. N. Vagus
11. N. Accessorius
12. N. Hypoglossus
Craniale zenuwen
Inleiding
• 12 craniale zenuwen met cellichamen intracraniaal
• Motorisch, sensorisch of gemengd
1. N. Olfactorius
• Sensorisch
• vertrekt uit olfactorische cortex vh cerebrum (hersenen)
• Opsplitsing in 2
• Tractus olfactorius
• Bulbus olfactorius: verlengde
‣ Boven os etmoidale
‣ Aan beiderzijds vd crista galli
‣ Doorheen lamina cribrosa in bundels:
• Craniaal deel cavum nasi (neusholte)
• Concha nasalis superior
• functie: reukgewaarwording
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