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ASCP Hematology 2024/2025 already graded A+
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ASCP Hematology 2024/2025 already graded A+
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ASCP HematologyDohle bodies - ANSLight blue patches in cytoplasm of neutrophils. Infection, burns
Erythrocytes - ANSO2 transport. Produced in BM
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) formula - ANS(HGBx10)/RBC
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) formulao - ANS(HGBx100)/HCT
Granulocytes - ANSDefense against bacterial infection. Produced in BM
Lymphocytes - ANSCellular and humoral immunity. Produced in lymphoid tissue
Platelets - ANSCoagulation. Produced in BM
WBC RR - ANS4.5-11.5 x10^3 / microL
RBC RR - ANSM: 4.6-6x10^6 / microL
F: 4-5.4x10^ / microL
HGB RR - ANSM: 14-18 g/dL
F: 12-15 g/dL
HCT RR - ANSM: 40-54%
F: 35-49%
MCV RR - ANS80-100 fL
MCH RR - ANS27-31 pg
MCHC RR - ANS32-36%
PLT RR - ANS150-450x10^3 microL
MCV first 5 days - ANSMacrocytes. Higher in preterm infants
Retic % - ANSnewborns increased polychromasia
Seg % - ANS50-70
Band % - ANS0-5
,Lymph newborn - ANSfew benign immature B cells may be seen
common myeloid progenitor - ANSdifferentiate into erythrocytes, platelets (megaK),
granulocytes (basophils, eosinophil, neutrophil), and monocytes
common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) - ANST-lymph, NK cell, B-lymph
Multipotential progenitor cell - ANSCommon myeloid progenitor or common lymphoid progenitor
Erytheopoiesis 1-2 month gestation - ANSyolk sac and aorta-gonads mesonephros region
(gower I/II and portland)
Erythropoiesis 3-6 month gestation - ANSliver (primary), spleen
Erythropoiesis 7 month of gestation-4 years - ANSBone marrow (all marrow active)
Erythropoiesis adult - ANSbone marrow (pelvis, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, skull. Shafts of long
bones filled with fat-may reactivate to compensate for anemia- liver and spleen may reactivate if
that fails to keep up with demand)
Rubriblast/pronormoblast - ANS14-24 um
N:C ratio 8:1
Royal blue cytoplasm. Fine chromatin
1-2 nucleoli
Normally confined to bone marrow.
Prorubricyte/basophilic normoblast - ANS12-17 um
N:C ratio 6:1
Chromatin is coarser with slightly visible parachromatin
Nucleoli not visible
Normally confined to bone marrow.
Rubricyte/polychromatophilic normoblast - ANS10-15 um. N:C ratio 4:1. Cytoplasm is
polychromatophilic due to hemoglobin production. Chromatin is clumped with distinct areas of
parachromatin. Last stage to divide. Normally confined to bone marrow.
Metarubricyte/orthochromic normoblast - ANS8-12 um
N:C ratio 1:2
Nucleus is pyknotic
Last nucleated stage
Normally confined to bone marrow.
Reticulocyte/Polychromatophilic erythrocyte - ANS7-10 um
, No nucleus. Cytoplasm is diffusely basophilic (bluish tinge)
Reticulum seen with supravital stain. 0.5%-1.5% of RBCs in adult peripheral blood.
Mature erythrocyte - ANS7-8 um
Biconcave disk. Reddish-pink cytoplasm with area of central pallor 1/3 diameter of cell.
Megaloblastic anemia cause - ANSvitamin b12 or folic acid deficiency (ex pernicious anemia)
Megaloblastic characteristics - ANSNucleus lags behind cytoplasm in maturation. cells grow
larger without dividing. Oval macrocytes
Iron deficiency characteristics - ANScytoplasm lags behind nucleus in maturation due to
inadequate iron for hgb synthesis. Microcytic, hypochromic RBCs
Hemoglobin A - ANS2 alpha + 2 beta, >95% adults, 20% newborn
Hemoglobin A2 - ANS2 alpha + 2 delta, 1.5-3.7% adults, <1% newborns
Hemoglobin F - ANS2 alpha + 2 gamma, <2% adults, 50-85% newborn
Hemoglobin S - ANSValine substituted for glutamic acid in 6th position of beta chain
Hemoglobin C - ANSLysine substituted for glutamic acid in 6th position of beta chain
Cellulose Acetate pH 8.6 crawl (closet to cathode - and origin) - ANShbg A2, C, E, OArab,
CHarlem (A2,CE, Of, Clubs(harlem))
Cellulose Acetate pH 8.6 slow - ANShgb S, D, G, Lepore (Sad, Dog, Gets, Loved)
Cellulose Acetate pH 8.6 fast - ANShgb F
Cellulose Acetate pH 8.6 accelerated (closest to anode +) - ANShgb A
Citrate agar pH 6.2 - ANScathode, F, A/A2, origin, S, C, anode
Methemoglobin - ANSiron oxidized to ferric (3+), usually acquired from exposure to oxidants,
cant bind O2, cyanosis, possibly death.
Methemoglobin findings - ANSHeinz bodies. treat with methylene blue
Sulfhemoglobin - ANSSulfur bound to heme. Acquired from exposure to drugs & chemicals. O2
affinity 1/100th normal. Cyanosis. Cant be converted back to normal hemoglobin
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