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Summary LAW OF DELICT GENERAL
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GENERAL'NATURE' !PRIVATE(LAW:Consists!of!all!those!
rules/laws!that!govern!the!
relationship!between!
AND'PLACE'OF' individuals!in!their!dealings!
with!each!other! !Individual!interests!are!
continually!in!a!state!of!either!
DELICT'IN'THE'LEGAL'' !
to!recognise!these!interests,!
real!or!threatened!conflict.!
!
!
SYSTEM! PURPOSE'OF' delimit!(define!their!limits)!
them!in!relation!to!each!other!
PRIVATE(LAW:
! and!harmonise!those!interests!
that!are!in!conflict!
!!!!
ROLE/&PURPOSE&OF& !
LAW'OF'DELICT'=!Division!of!Private!law,!in!
LAW$OF$DELICT particular!it’s!a!subdivision!of!law!of!obligations!
! A"FUNDAMENTAL""
RES'PERIT'DOMINO! AN'OBLIGATION'=!Is!a!legal!relationship!between!2!
PREMISE''IN'LAW or!more!parties!in!terms!of!which!one!party!has!a!right!
! against!the!other!party!for!performance!and!the!other!
• Indicate!which!interests!are!
recognised!by!law! party!has!a!corresponding!duty!to!perform!!
• Under!which!circumstances!they!are! !
protected!against!infringement!i.e.!
when!impairment!of!a!legally! NOTE:!This!is!NOT!always!the!case:!!!EXCEPTIONS:'!
recognised!interest!constitutes!!! Damage'rests'where'it'
falls'i.e.!each!person!is! 1. Insurance!contracts!–!insurer!undertakes!to!make!good!
delict!
• How!such!a!disturbance!in!the! responsible!for!and!must! the!damage!suffered!
harmonious!balance!of!interests! bear!the!harm!he!suffers! 2. Where!damage!arises!from!a!DELICT,!the!person!who!
may!be!restored! ! caused!the!wrong!or!damage!(wrongdoer)!is!legally!
! obliged!to!!compensate!the!injured/aggrieved!party!
!
PRIMARY'QUESTION'OF'LAW'OF'DELICT=''WHO'must%bear%the%loss:%
wrongdoer(or(injured(party?
A!delict!is!a!legal!fact!i.e.!a!fact!
that!the!law!takes!notice!of,!
HOWEVER,!a!delict!is!NOT!a!legal!
act!because!the!law!attaches!
consequences!to!it!independent!
DEFINITION'OF'DELICT!
of!will/aim!of!wrongdoer!
!
!
An!act'of!a!person!which!in!
a!wrongful'and!culpable'
way!causes'harm'to!
another!
!
ELEMENTS'OF'DELICT
ALL'elements!MUST!be!
PRESENT!to!hold!someone!
DELICTUALLY'LIABLE!
! !
!!!
Act Wrongfulness Fault Causation Harm
Commission! Omission! legal!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! factual!
!
• wrongdoer!must!have!acted!in! • intention!or!negligence!
an!unreasonable!or!unlawful! • !NOTE:!formation!and! Patrimonial!(damnum! Injury!to!personality!(iniuria)!
way!! recognition!of!instances!of! iniuria!datum)! • !i.e.!Infringement!of!the!
• !act!=!wrongful!if!wrong!doer! liability!without!fault! • !i.e.!Injury!or!death!of! body!i.e.!Assault;!
acted!in!conflict!with!the! (strict!liability)!have! person;!psychological! seduction;!!
community’s!conception!of!what! developed!i.e.!Liability!for! lesions;!pure! • !physical!liberty!
is!right!(boni!mores)! damage!caused!by! economic!loss;! (wrongful!and!malicious!
• !an!act!is!in!conflict!with!boni! animals(!includes!actio!de! negligent! deprivation!of!liberty)!
mores!when!among!other!things! pauperie!and!pasti!,! misrepresentation;! • Good!name!(defamation,!
the!subjective!right!of!the! vicarious!liability!and! interference!with! malicious!prosecution!
prejudiced!party!has!been! statutory!liability!without! contractual! • Identity!and!feelings!
violated!or!a!legal!duty!to! fault! relationship;!unlawful! (breach!of!promise!to!
prevent!injury!has!been!! ! competition! marry,!adultery,!
breached!!! ! abduction!
! !
The!elements/requirements!=!! FACTA'PROBANDA'''!="all"the"facts"a"Plaintiff"must"
! prove&to&succeed&with&a&claim&
Road'Accident'Fund'v'Krawa'2012'(2)'SA'346! ! in#delict
!
!
Exceptions,!however,!exist!because!relations!in!life!simply!refuse!to!be!
regulated!by!inflexible!rules.!!One!of!the!most!important!developments!which!
has!taken!place!in!!field!of!delictual!liability!in!the!past!8!–!10!decades!is!
formation!and!recognition!of!instances!of!liability!without!fault!!(strict!liability)!
as!distinct!from!traditional!liability!where!fault!is!an!essential!requirement!i.e.!
imposition!of!strict!liability!for!wrongful!deprivation!of!liberty.!
!
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