Other
AQA psychology- cognition and development
- Course
- Institution
revision notes including AO1 and AO3 from A/A* student- can be printed a5 for revision card format
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
anishachapfudzika
Content preview
, PIAGET BELIEVED THAT CHILDREN WORK IN AN ENTIRELY DIFFERENT WAY FROM GROWN UPS AND THE WAY THEYPROCESS INFORMATION AFFECTS THEIR COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT.
HE ALSO BELIEVED THAT BIOLOGICAL BRAIN MATURATION CONTRIBUTES TO COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN INFANTS.
SCHEMAS are mental structures that contain info on
an aspect of the world around us. They are constantly AGES ARE APPROX, CHILDREN DEVELOP AT DIFFERENT RATES
SCHEMA developing the more infants interact with new THEY MUST PASS THROUGH EACH STAGE IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO GET TO THE NEXT
mental framework environments. THEY CAN HAVE A MIX OF 2 STAGES DURING TARNSITION
ASSIMILATION ASSIMILATION is when you see something new and fit
that information into an already existing schema
Same schema
DISEQUILIBRIUM occurs if the new information does STAGE 1 (0-2 YEARS)- SENSORIMOTOR STAGE
ACCOMODATION not fit into an existing schema the child will enter a
Change/create state of disequilibrium leaving them confused STAGE 2 (2-7 YEARS)- THE PREOPERATIONAL STAGE
EQUILIBRIUM ACCOMODATION will then occur by changing or
creating a new schema to accommodate the new STAGE 3 (7-11 YEARS)- CONCRETE STAGE
information
DISEQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM- once the info has been accommodated
STAGE 4 (11+ YEARS)- FORMAL OPERATIONAL THINKING
the child returns to a state of equilibrium (calmness)
STAGE 1 STAGE 2 STAGE 3 STAGE 4
Babies learn through Child interested in things look rather than logical operations and cannot show
interaction with environment reversibility of thought
The child now recognises The child is capable
& use senses and motor
CONSERVATION that the clay remains the of abstract and
Child begins to coordinate
Idea that quantity (volume, no. length same in quantity, whatever systematic thought
sensory information with
motor information (such as etc) stays the same despite physical shape you mould it into. and will construct a
change Piaget also demonstrated that, if you present
seeing its own hand moving) a pre-operational child with a row of five
plan of action when
and new schemata develop Pre – op can’t conserve as focussed on Piaget considered that a
how looks
buttons spread out and a row of five buttons confronted with a
An important development in close together, the child will say that the child’s understanding was
Child centres on one feature spread-out row contains more buttons problem to solve,
this first stage is object still limited by actual
permanence (OP) (9months)
The inability to understand things are the same even
taking into account
different experience of the ‘concrete’
– understanding that an EGOCENTRISM world and believed that at various factors and
object still exists even if it a child sees the world from their own this stage children struggled exploring
can’t be seen. You hide the viewpoint, cannot put themselves in possibilities.
to grasp ideas that were
toy, and if the child looks for others shoes
it, he knows that it exists
hypothetical or abstract
3 mountains task- a child says what
even though he can’t see it The child is then asked what the They can now think
they see from their side then swaps experimenter can see from their side-
Experiment- TYPE A NOT B sides with the experimenter and say unable to place themselves in the
E.g. Can’t solve this in their like a scientist
ERROR what they see on their new side experimenters despite just being on that heads: ‘if Sammy is taller
Monkey is placed under side than Anne & Anne is smaller
blanket a then moved to than Bob who is the
blanket b- baby will pick up CLASS INCLUSION
smallest’?
blanket a when they saw it Young children can classify objects (e.g., types of animal), however they have difficulty
in sub grouping
get hidden under blanket b Can now conserve and
Piaget showed 3 black cows and 1 white one. He asked are there more black cows or
more cows decentre
Pre-Op children say Black cows!!
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller anishachapfudzika. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.77. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67866 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now