Summary
Summary KRM 310(B) Introduction to criminal behaviour: Study unit 1
- Course
- Institution
- Book
A summary on the study unit pertaining to the fact that crime is a complex phenomenon that cannot be explained in simple terms.
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
Test Bank On Criminal Behavior: A Psychological Approach 11th Edition by Bartol
-
test bank For Criminal Behavior A Psychological Approach 12th Edition by Bartol all chapters 1 to 16 complete ISBN;978-0134163741
-
Criminal Behavior: A Psychological Approach 11th Edition Test Bank-Question and Answers, A+ Rated Solution Guide
2 reviews
By: Louissc94 • 5 year ago
By: JahneBurger • 6 year ago
Seller
Follow
LieselRob
Reviews received
Content preview
KRM 310(B) – UNIT 1UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR
CRIME Conduct/failure to act in violation of law forbidding/commanding it with range of possible penalties
CRIMINAL BEHA VIOUR Behaviour in violation of criminal code CRIMINOLOGY Scientific study of crime
1) THEORIES OF CRIME
JUST-WORLDERS : believe things don’t happen to people without a reason that’s closely related to their own
actions (ex. believe a burglar deserved a severe penalty & victims didn’t protect their property)
Favour capital punishment & non-supportive of many social programmes intended to reduce economic
disparity between social groups
2 tracks of just-world theory: GENERAL JUST-WORLD: described above
PERSONAL JUST-WORLD: adaptive/helpful to cope with dire circumstances in life
SCIENTIFIC THEORY : set of interrelated constructs, definitions & propositions that present a systematic view
of phenomena by specifying relations among variables = to explain & predict the phenomena
THEORY VERIFICATION : process of theory testing result of FALSIFICATI ON if theory is not verified
Can be modified & retested to identify causes/precursors of criminal behaviour
MODEL : graphic representation of a theory/concept & designed to enhance its understanding
BECCARIA’S CLASSICAL THEORY : human behaviour driven by choice made weighing amount of pleasure
against amount of pain/ punishment (free will)
DETERRENCE THEORY : harsh sentences assume individuals choose to commit crime BUT may be persuaded
not to commit under the threat of being apprehended/punished
POSITIVISTS : antecedents (prior experiences/influences) determine how we will act
Positivists & deterministic perspective argues most criminal behaviour results from social, biological/
psychological influences
BIOLOGICAL POSI TIVIST S Sex, race & size of brain have influence on behaviour (Lombrosso)
SOCIAL POSI TIVISTS Human behaviour is governed by casual laws & free will is undermined
2) THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN NATURE
Humans are conformity creatures who want to do ‘right thing’ (humanistic perspectives = POSITIV E PSY CHOL OG Y )
Mer ton ’ s ST R A IN T HEOR Y : most society members desire what others do but access to goals not equally available
PERSPECTIVE
CONFORMITY
Crime/delinquency occur when there’s perceived discrepancy between materialistic values & goals
cherished by a society & availability of legitimate means for reaching these goals
Crimes of the rich = they continue to accumulate greater riches
A gn ew’ s G EN ER A L ST R A IN T HEORY : saw strains as events & conditions disliked by persons
Humans are undisciplined creatures who without rules of society would commit crime indiscriminately
NON-
SOCIAL CO NTRO L TH EORY : crime occurs when person’s ties to social order are weak = innate tendencies
CONFORMIST
must thus be controlled by society
PERSPECTIVE
Gottfredson’s SELF-CON TROL TH EORY : criminal behaviour occurs due to individual’s deficit of self-control
Humans are born neutral & learn behaviour, beliefs/tendencies of the social environment
Bandura ’s SOCIAL L EARNIN G TH EORY : highlight imitation of models & reinforcements 1 gains from behaviour
LEARNING
Sutherland ’s DIFFE RENTIA L AS SOCIATI ON T HEO RY : criminal behaviour is learned through social interactions (bad
PERSPECTIVE
company promotes bad behaviour)
DEVEL OPMEN TAL CRIMINO LOGY : changes over a person’s lifespan affect his/her behaviour
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LieselRob. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $2.82. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
52510 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now