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Samenvatting fysiologie hoofdstuk 2
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Fysiologie 2. Overzicht van de verschillendetransportmechanismen in het lichaam
2. Overzicht van de verschillende transportmechanismen in het lichaam:
2.1.Passieve transportmechanismen:
Passieve transportprocessen: spontante precessen (∆G < 0 ‘downhill’).
3 soorten:
1. Diffusie: transport van opoeloste stof:
Onoeladen moleculen: drijvende kracht: verschil in chemische potentaal.
Geladen moleculen: drijvende kracht: verschil in elektrochemische potentaal.
Geholpen of carrier oemedieerde diffusie: wordt bemiddeld door een inteoraal
membraaneiwit.
2. Filtrate: fysisch proces:
Oplosmiddel en eventueel opoeloste stoffen worden doorheen een membraan verplaats.
Drijvende kracht: verschil in hydrostatsch druk aan beide zijden (∆P).
3. Osmose:
Transport van oplosmiddel doorheen een membraan.
Drijvende kracht: verschil in osmotsche druk ∏.
Transport door een semipermeabel membraan (laat bepaalde stoffen wel door en andere
niet).
2.2.Acteve transportmechanismen:
Acteve transportmechanismen: enderoone processen (∆G > 0 ‘uphill’).
Transport van een opoeloste stof oebeurt teoen een oradiënt in (vb: Na-K-pomp).
Er dient eneroie toeoevoeod te worden: ATP ADP + Pi + E (E = ∆G° = - 7,3 kcal/mol = 30,6
kJ/mol).
Na-K-pomp: ook Na-K-ATPase oenoemd.
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