Chiropractic Theories Final Review
exam 2024
who founded chiropractic and in what year? - correct answer DD Palmer in 1895 "old dad chiro"
what was chiropractic originally called? - correct answer a "science of healing without drugs" - DD
Palmer
What is a dogma? - correct answer -a principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as
incontrovertibly true
-irrefutable doctrine
How many definitions are there for "Subluxation"? - correct answer There are several.
- The ACC definition from all of the US DC Colleges (dynamic model)
- The Medicare definition: "Subluxation is defined as a motion segment in which alignment, movement
integrity and or physiological function of the spine are altered although contact between joint surfaces
remains intact. Subluxation may be demonstrated by an x-ray or physical examination"
- The medical definition as a partial dislocation
- The DD and BJ Palmer static or bone out of place definition (static model)
- The International Chiropractic Association (ICA)
- The American Chiropractic Association (ACA)
What did chiropractic evolve to incorporate? - correct answer Vitalism, spiritual inspiration, rationalism
what are the two chiropractic belief systems? - correct answer -testable principle (materialism) -->
mixers
-untestable metaphor (vitalism)--> straight chiros
what is the "straight" approach? - correct answer -do not mix other types of therapies
,-narrow scope. adjust the spine only.
-vitalistic-descriptive science
-doctor modeled/centered
-implicit process orientation
-separate and distinct
-believe they are heirs of the palmer philosophy and doctrine/dogma
what is the "mixer" approach? - correct answer -open to conventional medicine to use medication and
surgery when necessary
-broad scope, adjusting full body, use of PT modalities, exercise, nutrition, life style modification
-materialistic
-experimental science orientation
-integrated into mainstream
What is evidence based practice? - correct answer -using best available information in forming pt tx
plans
-using many tx methods
-each pt is unique, therefore each tx plan is unique
-"Evidence Informed" based on the best available evidence vs. "Evidence-Based"
-each doctor should commit to further research, discovery, and life long learning= continuing education
units (CEUs)
What is vitalism? - correct answer -theory that origin and phenomena of life are dependent on a force
or principles distinct from chemical or physical forces
-life is a non-material entity imposed on matter
-untestable
-living organisms are fundamentally different form non-living entities because they contain some non-
physical element
-Includes the idea of Universal Intelligence, and Innate Intelligence
, What is materialism? - correct answer -Everything is physical. This is the view of modern science.
-all phenomena results from material interactions
-testable
What is a priori knowledge? - correct answer -A reasoning or knowledge that proceeds from deduction
rather than from observation or experiences
-knowledge that is independent from experience
-knowledge that you are born with (that is innate)
What is a posteriori knowledge? - correct answer -Knowledge DEPENDENT on experience
-knowledge gained after you are born, based on observations and experience
what is metaphysics? - correct answer -the study of the nature of reality
-explains the fundamental nature of being
-what is real
What is magnetism? - correct answer -invisible natural magnetic force, life forces or energy(Qi in
eastern medicine, and Innate in Chiropractic)
-can be used with or without hypnosis
What is Qi? - correct answer Energy circulating through the body; innate energy (connected to
Universal Intelligence or energy), spiritual energy(Universal Intelligence), heat, light, electromagnetic
energy
What is Qi Gong? - correct answer a system of coordinated body posture, movement, breathing and
meditation used for health, spirituality and martial arts training; "life energy (Qi) cultivation"
What is Reiki? - correct answer a complementary health approach in which practitioners place their
hands lightly on or just above a person, with the goal of facilitating the person's own healing by
facilitating the patient's Qi flow or magnetic force flow
exam 2024
who founded chiropractic and in what year? - correct answer DD Palmer in 1895 "old dad chiro"
what was chiropractic originally called? - correct answer a "science of healing without drugs" - DD
Palmer
What is a dogma? - correct answer -a principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as
incontrovertibly true
-irrefutable doctrine
How many definitions are there for "Subluxation"? - correct answer There are several.
- The ACC definition from all of the US DC Colleges (dynamic model)
- The Medicare definition: "Subluxation is defined as a motion segment in which alignment, movement
integrity and or physiological function of the spine are altered although contact between joint surfaces
remains intact. Subluxation may be demonstrated by an x-ray or physical examination"
- The medical definition as a partial dislocation
- The DD and BJ Palmer static or bone out of place definition (static model)
- The International Chiropractic Association (ICA)
- The American Chiropractic Association (ACA)
What did chiropractic evolve to incorporate? - correct answer Vitalism, spiritual inspiration, rationalism
what are the two chiropractic belief systems? - correct answer -testable principle (materialism) -->
mixers
-untestable metaphor (vitalism)--> straight chiros
what is the "straight" approach? - correct answer -do not mix other types of therapies
,-narrow scope. adjust the spine only.
-vitalistic-descriptive science
-doctor modeled/centered
-implicit process orientation
-separate and distinct
-believe they are heirs of the palmer philosophy and doctrine/dogma
what is the "mixer" approach? - correct answer -open to conventional medicine to use medication and
surgery when necessary
-broad scope, adjusting full body, use of PT modalities, exercise, nutrition, life style modification
-materialistic
-experimental science orientation
-integrated into mainstream
What is evidence based practice? - correct answer -using best available information in forming pt tx
plans
-using many tx methods
-each pt is unique, therefore each tx plan is unique
-"Evidence Informed" based on the best available evidence vs. "Evidence-Based"
-each doctor should commit to further research, discovery, and life long learning= continuing education
units (CEUs)
What is vitalism? - correct answer -theory that origin and phenomena of life are dependent on a force
or principles distinct from chemical or physical forces
-life is a non-material entity imposed on matter
-untestable
-living organisms are fundamentally different form non-living entities because they contain some non-
physical element
-Includes the idea of Universal Intelligence, and Innate Intelligence
, What is materialism? - correct answer -Everything is physical. This is the view of modern science.
-all phenomena results from material interactions
-testable
What is a priori knowledge? - correct answer -A reasoning or knowledge that proceeds from deduction
rather than from observation or experiences
-knowledge that is independent from experience
-knowledge that you are born with (that is innate)
What is a posteriori knowledge? - correct answer -Knowledge DEPENDENT on experience
-knowledge gained after you are born, based on observations and experience
what is metaphysics? - correct answer -the study of the nature of reality
-explains the fundamental nature of being
-what is real
What is magnetism? - correct answer -invisible natural magnetic force, life forces or energy(Qi in
eastern medicine, and Innate in Chiropractic)
-can be used with or without hypnosis
What is Qi? - correct answer Energy circulating through the body; innate energy (connected to
Universal Intelligence or energy), spiritual energy(Universal Intelligence), heat, light, electromagnetic
energy
What is Qi Gong? - correct answer a system of coordinated body posture, movement, breathing and
meditation used for health, spirituality and martial arts training; "life energy (Qi) cultivation"
What is Reiki? - correct answer a complementary health approach in which practitioners place their
hands lightly on or just above a person, with the goal of facilitating the person's own healing by
facilitating the patient's Qi flow or magnetic force flow
