Final Exam for Pharmacology BSN,RN Questions And Correct Answers With Complete Verified solution
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Pharmacology BSN,RN
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Pharmacology BSN,RN
Final Exam for Pharmacology BSN,RN Questions And Correct Answers With Complete Verified solution.
Which drug is the long-acting benzodiazepine?
Diazepam
What is the sedative-hypnotic anxiolytics?
benzodiazepines
What is the benzodiazepine drug used for anxiety?
Alprazolam
What is the MOA f...
Final Exam for Pharmacology BSN,RN Questions
And Correct Answers With Complete Verified solution.
Which drug is the long-acting benzodiazepine?
Diazepam
What is the sedative-hypnotic anxiolytics?
benzodiazepines
What is the benzodiazepine drug used for anxiety?
Alprazolam
What is the MOA for benzodiazepine Alprazolam?
inhibits effect of GABA in the CNS
relief from anxiety occurs rapidly after admin.
What are the therapeutic uses for Alprazolam?
GAD
panic disorder
insomnia
muscle spasms
induction of anesthesia
What are the complications for Alprazolam?
CNS depression
anterograde amnesia
acute toxicity (oral) (IV Diazepam, Lorazepam)
Paradoxical response
withdrawal effects
What is the nursing intervention of Alprazolam complication CNS depression?
due to sedation, lightheadedness, ataxia, decreased cognition
avoid activities that require alertness such as driving
What is the nursing intervention of Alprazolam complication of anterograde
amnesia?
due to difficulty recalling events after they occur
nurse should notify provider
What is the nursing intervention of Alprazolam complication of acute toxicity?
oral toxicity: drowsiness, lethargy, confusion
nursing: gastric lavage is used admin activated charcoal or saline cathartics
IV toxicity: diazepam, lorazepam
can lead to respiratory depression, severe hypotension, cardiac/respiratory arrest
must administer Flumazenil for benzo overdose (note: flumazenil does not reverse
respiratory depression)
nurse: monitor VS, maintain patent airway, provide fluids to maintain BP, have
resuscitation equipment avail.
What is the nursing intervention of Alprazolam complication of Paradoxical
response?
,due to insomnia, excitation, euphoria, anxiety, rage
advise pt. to watch for symptoms
notify the provider
What is the nursing intervention of Alprazolam complication of withdrawal
effects?
withdrawal effects can cause anxiety, insomnia, diaphoresis, tremors, lightheadedness,
delirium, hypertension, muscle twitching, and seizures
(note: withdrawal effects are not common w/ short term use)
benzo regularly need to taper the dose over several wks.
What are the contraindications for benzo Alprazolam?
Pregnancy
benzo class-schedule IV of the CSA
sleep apnea
respiratory depression
glaucoma
short-term use because of risk for dependence
What are the interactions for Alprazolam?
CNS depressants
(alcohol, barbiturates, opioids) can cause respiratory depression
grapefruit juice
high fat meals reduce absorption
What is the nursing responsibility for admin. of Alprazolam?
teach pt. to take as prescribed
avoid abrupt discontinuation
taper med
take med w/ food or snacks if GI upset occurs
administer med at bedtime
inform pt. about dependency -during therapy-should notify the provider
What is the atypical anxiolytic/nonbarbiturate anxiolytic?
Buspirone
What is the MOA for Buspirone?
unknown but
binds to serotonin and dopamine inhibitors
What is the advantage of Buspirone?
dependency is less likely than w/ anxiolytics
use of buspirone does not result in sedation
or potentiate- CNS depressants
What is the disadvantage of Buspirone?
antianxiety effects develop slowly
initial responses take a wk. least 2 to 6 wks.
buspirone is taken on a scheduled basis, not PRN
What is the therapeutic uses for Buspirone?
panic disorder
social anxiety disorder
OCD
PTSD
, What are the complications for Buspirone?
dizziness, nausea, H/A, lightheadedness, agitation constipation
suicidal ideation
What are the interventions of Buspirone complication for nausea, H/A, agitation?
advise pt. to take w/ food to decrease nausea
avoid activities that require alertness until effects are known
instruct pt. that most AE are self-limiting
What are the intervention of Buspirone complication constipation?
increase fiber and fluids
What are the interventions of Buspirone complication for suicidal ideation?
monitor and report
might have to be put on suicidal precautions
What are the contraindications for Buspirone?
pregnancy
MAOI 14 days after (results in hypertensive crisis)
What are the interactions for Buspirone?
erythromycin
ketoconazole
St. John's wort
grapefruit juice increase drug
SSRIs cause serotonin syndrome
What are the nursing responsibilities for admin. of Buspirone?
advise pt. to take med w/ meals to prevent gastric irritation
advise pt. the effects do not occur immediately
teach med can take a week to notice therapeutic effects
2-6 wks. for full effects
teach to take on a regular basis, not PRN
teach pt. tolerance, dependence, or withdrawal effect are not a issue w/ this drug
labeled for short-term use
anxiety has shown therapeutic benefit as long as 1 year
What is the SSRI drug?
Paroxetine
What is the MOA of SSRI drug Paroxetine?
inhibits serotonin reuptake, allowing more serotonin to stay at the junction of neurons
does not block dopamine & norepinephrine
can cause insomnia
has a long effective half-life
a time frame up to 4 wks.
What are the therapeutic uses for Paroxetine?
GAD
panic disorder
depressive disorder
dissociative disorder
social anxiety disorder
What are the therapeutic uses for Sertraline?
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