You must have: Total Marks
Formulae and Data Sheet (enclosed)
Calculator, ruler
Instructions
• Use black ink or ball‑point pen.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
•• Answer
Answer all questions.
the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
•• Calculators may be used.
Any diagrams may NOT be accurately drawn, unless otherwise indicated.
• You must show all your working out with your answer clearly identified at the
end of your solution .
Information
• The total mark for this paper is 100.
• – use this asfora guide
The marks each question are shown in brackets
as to how much time to spend on each question.
• Instructure
questions labelled with an asterisk (*), marks will be awarded for your ability to
your answer logically, showing how the points that you make are related
or follow on from each other where appropriate.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• answer every question.
Try to
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over
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Equation of Time = Apparent Solar Time (AST) – Mean Solar Time (MST)
T2
Kepler’s 3rd law: = a constant
r3
fo
Magnification of telescope: magnification =
fe
Distance modulus formula: M = m + 5 – 5 log d
λ λ0 v
Redshift formula:
λ0 c
Hubble’s law: v = H0 d
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Data
Mass of Earth 6.0 × 1024 kg
Mean diameter of Earth 13 000 km
Mean diameter of Moon 3500 km
Mean diameter of Sun 1.4 × 106 km
One Astronomical Unit (AU) 1.5 × 108 km
Mean Earth to Moon distance 380 000 km
One light year (l.y.) 9.5 × 1012 km DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
One parsec (pc) 3.1 × 1013 km = 3.26 l.y.
Sidereal day of Earth 23 h 56 min
Synodic day of Earth 24 h 00 min
Temperature of solar photosphere 5800 K
Hubble Constant 68 km/s/Mpc
Speed of light in vacuum 3.0 × 108 m/s
2
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Sidereal Mean
Type of Mean distance Diameter Mass/ Ring
Name period/Earth temperature Moons
body from Sun/AU /1000 km Earth mass system
year /°C
Mercury planet 0.38 0.24 170 4.9 0.055 no none
Venus planet 0.72 0.62 470 12.1 0.82 no none
Earth planet 1.0 1.0 15 12.8 1.00 no 1: the Moon
2 small moons: Deimos and
Mars planet 1.5 1.9 –50 6.9 0.11 no
Phobos
Eris dwarf planet 67.8 557 –230 2.3 2.8 × 10–3 no at least 1
Turn over
3
, Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
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answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
1 (a) A student makes sketches of groups of bright stars in the night sky.
Figure 1
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(i) The bright stars shown in Figure 1 are part of the group of stars called:
(1)
A Cassiopeia
B Orion
C Southern Cross
D Ursa Major
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Figure 2
(ii) The bright stars shown in Figure 2 are part of the group of stars called:
(1)
A Cassiopeia
B Orion
C Southern Cross
D Ursa Major
4
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