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Psyc 1010 - Intelligence notes
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This document contains lecture notes from psyc 1010 on the topic of intelligence
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IntelligenceTypes of tests:
Psychological test: a standardized measure of a sample of behaviour.
Personality tests: measures traits, attitudes, motives and interests.
Intelligence tests: assess intellectual potential (mental ability tests).
Aptitude tests: measures potential for speci c types of mental abilities (mental ability test).
Achievement tests: measure previous learning such as tests in school (mental ability test).
Intelligence: Intelligence is what is known as a construct. It has many de nitions which are subject to
change based on who you talk to and what source you read. De nitions are often contingent on culture.
For the purposes of this course, the de nition is: the mental potential to learn from experience, solve
problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.
History of IQ tests:
• In 1884 a British scientist by the name of Galton assumed that intelligence was the superiority of
sensory and physical attributes. For example, if someone could hear a sound most couldn't, they
were considered more intelligent.
• In 1905, Binet, a French psychologist, assumed that intelligence was your ability to reason,
remember and imagine. During this time school was becoming mandatory and there was a concern
that some students would not be intelligent enough for school. So the government asked Binet to
create a sort of intelligence test.
• It was found that older kids did better on the test so they had to create a distinction of age. They
created two groups. The chronological age - referring to ones actual age, and mental age - referring to
a kids performance on a test expressed in years compared to typical performance at that age.
• This test is known as the Stanford-Binet intelligence test.
• The intelligence Quotient is where the term IQ comes from. It is a singular number used to represent
ones intelligence.
• The IQ equation is MA/CA x 100. This equation is known for being quite awed.
• Wechsler came along and xed this method. Wechslers method is the one currently used. It compares
your score to the scores of other people in the same age group. The average performance for a given
group is set at 100. It determines how far a person's score deviates from the mean score.
Sternbers Triachic Theory of Intelligence:
Analytical intelligence: Ability to solve problems, compare and contrast, judge and evaluate.
Creative intelligence: Ability to invent, discover, suppose or theorize.
Practical intelligence: Ability to adapt to demands of one's environment and apply knowledge.
Gardners 8 types of intelligence
Psychologist Gardner came up with 8 different types of intelligence. His list is controversial because
some argue that a few categories are skills and not intelligence indicators. It is also very dif cult to test
or prove that many of these categories represent intelligence. The categories include: logical-
mathematical, linguistic, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetics, interpersonal, intrapersonal and
naturalist.
Emotional I.Q.
Components of emotional IQ include perceiving, managing, using and understanding emotions.
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