RELIAS BASIC DYSRHYTHMIA REVIEW -ACTUAL EXAM SET 2024 UPDATED normal sinus rhythm (NSR) Criteria: (PR, QRS, QT, Rhythm: reg or irreg) - CORRECT ANSWER -1 P-wave for Every QRS, REGULAR rhythm PR: 0.12 -0.20 QRS: 0.06 -0.10 BBB = > 0.12 QT: 0.36 -0.44 BPM: 60 -100 Sinus Bradycardia Criteria: (PR, QRS, QT, Rhythm: reg/irreg) - CORRECT ANSWER -
PR: 0.12 -0.20 QRS: 0.06 -0.10 QT: 0.36 -0.44 BPM: < 60 (Reg. rate) Tx: Atropine 0.5mg, Pace, Dopamine 2 -10 mcg/kg/min, Epie 2 -10 mcg/min Sinus Tachycardia Criteria: (PR, QRS, QT, Rhythm: reg/irreg) - CORRECT ANSWER -
PR: 0.12 -0.20 QRS: 0.06 -0.10 QT: 0.36 -0.44 BPM: 100 -150 (Reg. rate, P wave may merge with T -wave) Cause: fear, anxiety, hypoxia, sepsis, hypovolemia, infection Sinus Arrhythmia Criteria: (PR, QRS, QT, Rhythm: reg/irreg) - CORRECT ANSWER -
PR: 0.12 -0.20 QRS: 0.06 -0.10 QT: 0.36 -0.44 BPM: HR increase w/ inspiration, HR decrease w/expiration P-P interval lengthen and shorten with respirations Irreg Rhythm NO TX Sinus Pause Criteria: (PR, QRS, QT, Rhythm) - CORRECT ANSWER -PR: 0.12 -0.20 QRS: 0.06 -0.10 QT: 0.36 -0.44 Irregular rhythm Short Pause: no TX; Long/Freq. Pause & symptomatic = TX like Sinus Brady Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC) - CORRECT ANSWER -Heart Rate: Depends on underlying rhythm Regularity: Interrupts the regularity of underlying rhythm P-Wave: can be flattened, notched, or unusual. May be hidden within the T wave PRI: measures between .12 -.20 seconds and can be prolonged; can be different from other complexes QRS: <.12 seconds TX: none, check Lytes, precursor for A -Fib/Flutter Atrial Fibrillation (A -Fib) (PR, QRS, QT, RHYTHM, TX) - CORRECT ANSWER -PR: Can't Measure *NO P WAVE* QRS: 0.06 -0.10 QT: May/May Not be Measurable Rhythm: IRREGULARLY IRREGULAR Rate: Atrial >400 BPM Tx: Diltiazem (Cardizem), Amiodarone, Beta Blocker (Lopressor), Digoxin, Anti -Coag (Heparin), Cardiovert Atrial Flutter (PR, QRS, QT, RHYTHM, TX) - CORRECT ANSWER -PR: Can't Measure *NO P WAVE* QRS: 0.06 -0.10 QT: Can't Measure Rhythm: Ventricular Rate = Reg. Atrial = Irreg Atrial Rate 250 -400 Ventricular: count QRS "Saw Tooth/Flutter Waves" Tx: Same as A -Fib paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) (PR, QRS, QT, RHYTHM, TX) - CORRECT ANSWER -an episode that begins and ends abruptly during which there are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate in the atrium PR: 0.12 -0.20 QRS: 0.06 -0.10 QT: 0.36 -0.44 Atrial Rate: 150 -250 Reg Vent Rate: 150 -250 Tx: Adenosine, Diltiazem, vagal, Cardiovert Premature Junctional Contraction (PJC) (PR, QRS, QT, RHYTHM, TX) - CORRECT ANSWER -Rate: Normal or accelerated 60 -100 P wave: *Inverted Before/After QRS, Absent* PR: 0.12 -0.20 QRS: normal 0.06 -0.10 QT: 0.36 -0.44 Conduction: normal rhythm: irregular: PICs occur early in cycle of baseline rhythm NO TX: check E -Lytes -an ectopic pacemaker in the AV Junction produces PJC's
