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Samenvatting slides boek Ontwerp van informatiesystemen

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Samenvatting van de cursus Ontwerp van Informatiesystemen gegeven door Jan Verelst in 2de bachelor HIB van de Universiteit Antwerpen. Samenvatting is opgebouwd aan de hand van de slides met nodige informatie van de syllabus indien dit vereist was.

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  • May 17, 2018
  • 31
  • 2017/2018
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Ontwerp van Informatesystemen

Table of Contents

Hoofdstuk 1: Wat is systeemontwerp?...............................................................................3
Inleiding.......................................................................................................................................3
Informatesystemen......................................................................................................................3
Organisates en IS..........................................................................................................................3
Software engineering....................................................................................................................4
Watervalmodel.............................................................................................................................5
Analyse..........................................................................................................................................5
Ontwerp........................................................................................................................................5
Implementate...............................................................................................................................5
Testen...........................................................................................................................................6
Onderhoud....................................................................................................................................6
Nuancering....................................................................................................................................6
Methodologieën............................................................................................................................7
Gestructureerd vs object-georiënteerd ontwerp..........................................................................7
Hoofdstuk 2: Variabelen en Datastructuren........................................................................8
Constanten...................................................................................................................................8
Variabelen....................................................................................................................................8
Declarate......................................................................................................................................8
Initalisate.....................................................................................................................................9
Toekenning...................................................................................................................................9
Basistypes.....................................................................................................................................9
Integer...........................................................................................................................................9
Real.............................................................................................................................................10
Char en string..............................................................................................................................10
Boolean.......................................................................................................................................10
Datastructuren...........................................................................................................................10
Arrays..........................................................................................................................................10
Records.......................................................................................................................................11
Hoofdstuk 3: Basisstructuren............................................................................................11
Sequente...................................................................................................................................11
Iterate........................................................................................................................................11
For…next.....................................................................................................................................12
Repeat… untl..............................................................................................................................12
While…........................................................................................................................................12
Selecte.......................................................................................................................................12
If… then.......................................................................................................................................13
Switch..........................................................................................................................................13
Hoofdstuk 4: Procedures..................................................................................................13
Wat zijn procedures....................................................................................................................13
Functe........................................................................................................................................13

, Globale en lokale variabele.........................................................................................................13
Parameters..................................................................................................................................14
Recursiviteit...............................................................................................................................14
Voordelen van procedures.........................................................................................................14
Hoofdstuk 6: Sofwarekwaliteit........................................................................................15
Kwaliteit.....................................................................................................................................15
Kwaliteitseisen...........................................................................................................................15
Afweging tussen kwaliteitseisen.................................................................................................16
Verband met onderhoud............................................................................................................17
Verband met architectuur..........................................................................................................17
Hoofdstuk 7: Modules......................................................................................................17
Modules.....................................................................................................................................17
Definite.......................................................................................................................................17
Communicate.............................................................................................................................18
Kenmerken..................................................................................................................................18
Ontwerpen met modules: Voordelen.........................................................................................18
Bepalen van modules..................................................................................................................19
IVO-architectuur.........................................................................................................................19
Koppeling...................................................................................................................................19
Cohesie.......................................................................................................................................21
Hoofdstuk 9: Inleiding tot Object-oriëntate.....................................................................22
Inleiding......................................................................................................................................22
Abstract Data Type (ADT)...........................................................................................................22
Object-Oriëntate.......................................................................................................................23
Objecten en Klassen....................................................................................................................23
Attributen en methoden.............................................................................................................23
Voordelen van OO.......................................................................................................................23
Inkapseling.................................................................................................................................23
Parameters in Java......................................................................................................................24
UML............................................................................................................................................24
Objecten identiceren................................................................................................................24
Modulariteit en object-oriëntate...............................................................................................25
Hoofdstuk 10: Relates tussen klassen..............................................................................26
Associate...................................................................................................................................26
Generalisate..............................................................................................................................27
Aggregate..................................................................................................................................27
Hoofdstuk 11: Eigenschappen van Object-oriëntate.........................................................27
Overerving..................................................................................................................................27
Polymorisme.............................................................................................................................28
Statsche Atributen en Methoden.............................................................................................30
Hoofdstuk 12: Patronen....................................................................................................30
Ontwerppatronen.......................................................................................................................30
Voordeel.....................................................................................................................................30
Voorbeelden...............................................................................................................................31




2 Klaas Van Hoeck 2017-2018

,Hoofdstuk 1: Wat is systeemontwerp?

Inleiding

Informatesystemen
 Leerdoel: Vaardigheid aanleren van hoogstaand IS
 Een informatesysteem
o Staat in voor input, verwerking, opslaan en de uitvoer i.f.v. de
informatebehoeften
o Verzorgt verwerking van grote hoeveelheid data, relatef eenvoudige
verwerking naar output.
o Bestaat uit software, hardware, gebruikers, bedrijfsprocessen, het gebruik
ervan dus niet enkel hardware en software Socio-technische benadering)
 Soorten informate
o Gestructureerde: getallen, tekstuele gegevens, …
o Semigestructureerd: e-mail, documenten, …
o Ongestructureerde: video, audio, afeeldingen
 Soorten verwerking
o Sorteren
o Aggregate
o Selecte
o …


Organisates en IS
 IS bestaat enkel binnen bepaalde context
 Organisate bepaald
o Bedrijfsprocessendus informatebehoeften dus welke IS nodig
 Soorten IS
o Wordt bepaald door plaats in organisate
o TPS
 Kern van systeem
 Doet transactes
 Behandelen atomaire deeltjes bv. 1 inschrijving)
o MIS




3 Klaas Van Hoeck 2017-2018

,  Ondersteunen gestructureerde beslissingen
 Bv. Hoeveel studenten per richtng?
o DSS
 Ondersteunen semigestructureerde beslissingen
 Analyseren data ook
 O.b.v. kwanttateve modellen en sensitviteitsanalyse
 Al ingewikkeldere verwerkingen
 Sociale kant is ook belangrijk om het ontwerp van IS te laten slagen
 Bouwen van IS is socio-technisch project
o Nieuwe bedrijfsprocessen
o Nieuwe hiërarchieën van bevoegdheden
o Nieuwe taken voor WN
o Nieuwe machtsverhoudingen
o ICT moet juiste systemen bouwen


Software engineering
 Ontstaan ’60 in de softwarecrisis
o Programmeren was afankelijk van individu
 Gebeurden ad hoc
o Geen structuur
 Spaghetticode
o Resultaat
 Slechte leesbaarheid
 Veel fouten
 Slechte onderhoudbaarheid
 Term verwijst naar de discipline van het ontwerpen, ontwikkelen en onderhouden
van software op basis van
o Principes
o Methodologieën
o Methodes
o Technieken
o Om kwalitatef hoogstaande software te maken
 Gericht op grote systemen
 Streven naar
o Uniformiteit
o Standaardisate
o Betrouwbaarheid
o Onderhoudbaarheid
 Technieken en methodes geleend uit andere wetenschappen




4 Klaas Van Hoeck 2017-2018

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