UNE CHEM 1005: MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY FINAL
EXAM – QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
Carnitine palmitoyl transferase - - transfers acyl groups from CoA
to carnitine & vice versa
- inhibited by malonyl-CoA
ketone bodies - - acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate, acetone
- oxidized as fuel source in extreme fasting
d-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase - interconversion of
acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate
acetone - yielded by spontaneous decarboxylation of acetoacetate;
waste product
acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate - - ketone bodies produced
during fasting
- used for energy in various tissues
hyperglycemia and ketogenesis - - occurs in fasted state
- loss of insulin (type 1 diabetes)
Ketogenesis - the process by which excess acteyl-CoA is converted
into ketone bodies
products of B-oxidation of fatty acids - - NADH
- FADH2
- acteyl-CoA
regulatory step in fatty acid synthesis - production of malonyl-CoA
by acetyl-CoA carboxylase
acetyl-CoA carboxylase is inhibited by - - Palmitoyl-CoA
- fatty acyl-CoA under fasted conditions
cofactor of acetyl-CoA carboxylase - Biotin
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