17. Issitt PD, Anstee DJ., Applied Blood Group Serology.Montgomery Scientific Publications
4th Edition 1998
18. Technical Manual, American Association of Blood banks 14th Edition 2002
19. Guidelines for Pretransfusion Testing. Australian & New Zealand Society of Blood
Transfusion 4th Edition 2002
20. Bancroft, J.D; Gamble, M, Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques. Churchill
Livingstone, 5th Edition, 2002. ISBN 0-443-06435-0..
Useful websites for histology and histopathology
http://www.udel.edu/biology/Wags/histopage/colorpage//colorpage.htm
http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/webpath.html
.
.
,Davis Advantage Basic Nursing: Thinking, Doing, and Caring 3rd Edition Treas
Wilkinson Test Bank
Chapter 1 Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. What is the most influential factor that has shaped the nursing
profession? 1)
Physicians need for handmaidens
2) .
om
Societal need for healthcare outside the home .
3)
Military demand for nurses in the field 4)
.c
Germ theory influence on sanitation
ANS: 3
ep
Throughout the centuries, stability of the government has been related to the success of the
military to protect or extend its domain. As the survival and well-being of soldiers is
pr
critical, nurses provided healthcare to the sick and injured at the battle site. The physicians
handmaiden was/is a nursing stereotype rather than an influence on nursing. Although
st
there has been need for healthcare outside the home throughout history, this has more
influence on the development of hospitals than on nursing; this need provided one more
te
setting for nursing work. Germ theory and sanitation helped to improve healthcare but did
not shape nursing.
ng
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: dm 910 KEY: Nursing process: N/A Client need: N/A |
Cognitive level: Recall
2. Which of the following is an example of an illness prevention activity? Select
si
all that apply.
ur
1)
Encouraging the use of a food diary
yn
2)
Joining a cancer support group
3)
.m
Administering immunization for HPV
4)
w
Teaching a diabetic patient about his diet
ANS: 3
w
Administering immunization for HPV is an example of illness prevention. Although cancer
w
is a disease, it is assumed that a person joining a support group would already have the
disease; therefore, this is not disease prevention but treatment. Illness-prevention activities
focus on avoiding a specific disease. A food diary is a health-promotion activity. Teaching
a diabetic patient about diet is a treatment for diabetes; the patient already has diabetes, so
it cannot prevent diabetes.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 18; high-level question, not directly stated in text KEY:
Nursing process: N/A | Client need: HPM | Cognitive level: Application
3. Which of the following contributions of Florence Nightingale had an
immediate impact on improving patients health?
1)
Providing a clean environment
2)
,Improving nursing education
3)
Changing the delivery of care in hospitals
4)
Establishing nursing as a distinct profession
ANS: 1
Improved sanitation (a clean environment) greatly and immediately reduced the rate of
infection and mortality in hospitals. The other responses are all activities of Florence
Nightingale that improved healthcare or nursing, but the impact is long range, not
immediate.
PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: V1, p. 3; student must infer from content | V1, p. 10; student
om
must infer from content
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
4. All of the following are aspects of the full-spectrum nursing role. Which one
.c
is essential for the nurse to do in order to successfully carry out all the others?
ep
1)
Thinking and reasoning about the clients care
2)
pr
Providing hands-on client care
3)
Carrying out physician orders
4)
st
te
Delegating to assistive personnel
ng
ANS: 1
A substantial portion of the nursing role involves using clinical judgment, critical
thinking, and problem solving, which directly affect the care the client will actually
si
receive. Providing hands-on care is important; however, clinical judgment, critical
thinking, and problem solving are essential to do it successfully. Carrying out physician
ur
orders is a small part of a nurses role; it, too, requires nursing assessment, planning,
intervention, and evaluation. Many simple nursing tasks are being delegated to nursing
yn
assistive personnel; delegation requires careful analysis of patient status and the
appropriateness of support personnel to deliver care. Another way to analyze this
.m
question is that none of the options of providing hands-on care, carrying out physician
orders, and delegating to assistive personnel is required for the nurse to think and reason
w
about a clients care; so the answer must be 1.
PTS:1DIFifficultREF: p. 11
w
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Analysis
5. Which statement pertaining to Benners practice model for clinical competence
w
is true?
1)
Progression through the stages is constant, with most nurses reaching the proficient stage.
2)
Progression through the stages involves continual development of thinking and technical
skills.
3)
The nurse must have experience in many areas before being considered an expert.
4)
The nurses progress through the stages is determined by years of experience and skills.
ANS: 2
Movement through the stages is not constant. Benners model is based on integration of
, knowledge, technical skill, and intuition in the development of clinical wisdom. The
model does not mention experience in many areas. The model does not mention years of
experience.
PTS:1DIF:ModerateREF:p. 15
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Recall
6. Which of the following best explains why it is difficult for the profession
to develop a definition of nursing?
1)
There are too many different and conflicting images of nurses.
2)
om
There are constant changes in healthcare and the activities of nurses.
3)
There is disagreement among the different nursing organizations.
.c
4)
There are different education pathways and levels of practice.
ep
ANS: 2
The conflicting images of nursing make it more important to develop a definition; they
may also make it more difficult, but not to the extent that constant change does.
pr
Healthcare is constantly changing and with it come changes in where, how, and what
nursing care is delivered. Constant changes make it difficult to develop a definition.
st
Although different nursing organizations have different definitions, they are similar in
te
most ways. The different education pathways affect entry into practice, not the definition
of nursing.
ng
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 11; How Is Nursing Defined?
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Analysis
7. Nurses have the potential to be very influential in shaping healthcare
si
policy. Which of the following factors contributes most to nurses influence?
ur
1)
Nurses are the largest health professional group.
yn
2)
Nurses have a long history of serving the public.
3)
.m
Nurses have achieved some independence from physicians in recent years.
4)
w
Political involvement has helped refute negative images portrayed in the media.
ANS: 1
w
w
Nurses are trusted professionals and the largest health professional group. As such, they
have political power to effect changes. If nursing were a small group, there would be
little potential for power in shaping policies, even if all the other answers were true.
Serving the public, while positive, does not necessarily help nurses to be influential in
establishing health policy. Independence from physicians, although positive, does not
necessarily make nurses influential in establishing healthcare policy. Refuting negative
media, although positive, does not necessarily make nurses influential in establishing
healthcare policy.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 21
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: N/A | Cognitive level: Analysis
8. Nursing was described as a distinct occupation in the sacred books of
which faith?
1)
