ANCC exam study 2023 Questions With Correct Solutions!!

What kind of medications should you avoid in HF - ANSWERSPseudoephrine (sudafed) because its a decongestant; NSAIDS becasue it promotes reabsorption of sodium; any OTC medication with high sodium contents What kind of medications to avoid in hypertension? - ANSWERSDecongestants; Where would you refer a patient with a peritonsillar abscess? - ANSWERSReferred to ED Definition of proptosis - ANSWERSBulging of the eyeball Definition of otorrhea - ANSWERSEar discharge What is an avulsed tooth? And is this considered an emergency? - ANSWERSA dislodged tooth. YES, a dental emergency. Store tooth in a glass of milk, saline or inside the patient's mouth up against the cheek What is cholesteatoma? - ANSWERSa tumor/cauliflower like mass (pearly-white) of tissue and cholesterol in the middle ear What are diphtheria signs and symptoms? - ANSWERSSore throat, fever, and swollen neck (bull-neck) Where is Virchow's node located? And what is it suggestive of? - ANSWERSIt is a left-sided supraclavicular node that is enlarged and hardened and associated with malignancy. It is highly suggestive of cancers of the stomach, colon, pancreas, gallbladder, kidneys, ovaries, testicles, prostate or lymph node tissue Eye structures: Cones? Rods? Macula? Presbyopia? Blepharitis? - ANSWERSCones are for color perception Rods are for low light vision (night vision) and peripheral vision Macula is responsible for our central vision, sharpest vision and color vision Presbyopia is age related visual changes (stiffening of the lenses) Blepharitis is inflammation of the edges of the eyelids where the eyelashes grow. The oil glands can become clogged and cause red irritated and itchy eyelids. Small scale like dandruff may also be present Auricular hematoma - ANSWERSUsually caused by blunt trauma to the ear which should be drained as soon as possible to avoid damage to the cartilage of the ear. If untreated it can result in cauliflower ear What drug can cause the gums to bleed when brushing teeth? The gums will appear red and swollen. - ANSWERSPhenytoin (Dilantin) for seizures causing gingival hyperplasia What other medication and lab level can you check/order for anemia or decreased RBC production - ANSWERSVitamin B12 Excess vitamin B12 will be excreted via urine What labs should be ordered with Guillan-barre? And what is the treatment - ANSWERSCBC, CMP, ESR, CRP (ESR and CRP will show any inflammation in body) A HEAD CT, SPINAL MRI AND LP (HEAD CT MOST IMPORTANT) Treatment: IVIG or plasmaphersis (if pt high risk for thromboembolism) 1st line H