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Summary Anxiety Disorders
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Cornell notes templateAnxiety disorders:
o Characterize anxiety disorders
o Look at different types of disorders with “anxiety”
o Shared core with illness-specific signs
o Anxiety - Anxiety: Diffuse unpleasant vague sense of apprehension in anticipation
o Genetic contributions
disorders of a future threat.
o Psychological theory
- Fear: is the emotional response (see Bast’s lectures on emotion) to a real
o Neural substratesor perceived imminent threat
o Neurochemical substrates
- These two overlap, but they also differ. Fear is associated with surges in
o Pharmacologicalautonomic
treatmentsarousal (needed for fight or flight), whereas anxiety is
o Behavioural and pharmacological
associatedtreatments
with muscle tension and vigilance in preparation for future
danger. Anxiety is also characterized by avoidance behaviours.
- Anxiety disorders differ from developmentally normative fear or anxiety
by being excessive or persisting beyond developmentally appropriate
periods.
- Individuals with anxiety disorders typically overestimate the danger in
situations they fear or avoid
o Anxiety and - Anxiety disorders
other related - Specific phobia
disorders - Social anxiety disorder (social phobia)
(DSM-V) - Panic disorder (sometimes + agoraphobia)
- Generalised anxiety disorder
- Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Trauma- and stressor-related disorders
- Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD
o Anxiety
disorders – a
shared core
with illness –
specific signs
and
cognitions
, Cornell notes template
o Genetics of
anxiety
o Gene
- Whether genetic or environmental factors influence on human
environment
psychiatric disorders is an important question
interactions
- First-degree relatives are most likely to have the same anxiety disorder as
(PTSD
the proband (Fyer et al 1995), but first-degree relatives are also at
example)
increased risk for other anxiety disorders
- But, as always, the environment is critical.
o Gene
environment
interactions
(animal
model
example)
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