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Summary Sexuality in perspective
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Sexuality in perspective
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SEXUALITY IN PERSPECTIVELES 1 – 23/2
INTRODUCTIE
GENERAL AIM
To provide students with an opportunity to learn about and reflect on contemporary
scientific approaches to and current insights in human sexuality
Sexuality = a relevant theme in society
Sexuality = a personal experience
Premise = the (behavioral) expression and experience of our sexuality are influenced and
regulated by biological factors as well as psychological, cultural and social processes, including
inter- and intra-personal norms and values
SPECIFIC AIMS
Students will be able to:
To be able to recognize, understand and describe the historical and cultural basis of our thinking
about human sexuality
o Our ideas now are the result of a revolution that has been going on for ages
o 1960s: the sexual revolution: our way of thinking about sexuality is a result of the openness
that was created at that time
To be able to distinguish between major theoretical approaches to sexuality, to name and
critically reflect on their contribution to our understanding of and scientific knowledge about
sexuality
To be able to explain how “normal” and “abnormal” sexuality are social, legal, and culturally
sensitive constructs
To be able to understand and explain the basics of evolutionary and biological perspectiveson
human sexuality
o Want to neglect the connection between children and sexuality, however there is one
discussion when does sexuality start? At puberty? Not necessarily
To be able to situate sexuality within a life time perspective
To be able to discuss the relationship between core elements of religious ethical and legal
normative
discourse and views on sexuality, and to describe and assess their connections to different scientific
approaches
To be able to identify and articulate their own ideas about and values, norms, and attitudes
towards sexuality
o Sometimes provocative ideas depending on different cultures
To challenge your perspective on sexuality
Course materials
Slides
Extra articles, texts
Announcements
Examen
Written exam 50 MK vragen ongeveer 4 vragen per topic
20 van de eerste minder van de andere proffen want bespreken minder topics
OUTLINE OF THIS COURSE
What is sexuality?
Background sexuality
o Biology:
1
, Evolutionary perspective
Genes, hormones, brain differentiation
Sexual anatomy, sexual (psycho)physiology, sexual desire, sexual arousal
o Psychology:
Sexual development through the life cycle
Pornography
Sexual aggression
o Socio-cultural
Normal and abnormal sexuality
Reprogenetics, ethics and sex
Law and sexuality
Western view: timeline
Non-western views: some touchings but very few
2. DEFINITION OF SEXUALITY
2.1 WHAT IS HUMAN SEXUALITY?
What is sexuality for you?
o 1) Psychology: relationship, intimacy, love, trust, bonding, power, shame, attraction,
emotions, attraction, ..
o 2) Biology: physical body, sex, reproduction, birth control, genitals, contraception, …
o 3) Behaviour: making love, sexual intercourse, masturbation, experimentation, sex toys,
searching for stimuli, fantasy in dialogue
o 4) Culture: religion, education, law, media, norms and values, social construction
Clinical care: verbonden met de 4 onderdelen
What is sexuality related to?
What do you think about when you hear the word sexuality?
2.2 CLASSICAL DISCUSSION
Having your period for the first time
Culture has a very big impact on all the three dimensions
o He thinks culture is the most important because it has an impact on biology
Culture gives a certain meaning to biologic aspects or events
Vb: starting menstrual cycle start of fertility
In some cultures it is celebrated and in some it is not
culture has a great impact on how we view biological things
o It also has an impact on psychology
Pleasure intimacy and love idea that sexuality is related to these things is not
shared in every culture ! requires to feel intimately connected with someone
1950’s: rise idea of attachment more research
intimacy very ! part of relationships and how sexuality is perceived
Parker (researcher with important ideas)
o Korea Most important person for a Korean person?
Not parents, not grandparents
Employer give you money, home and a house next: parents children
partner
o We do not believe that only biological things have an influence
Hierarchy in Japan:
o Employer is seen as a very important person in the life of Japanese people
They are not only providing them with a job but very often with a structure in their
lives
o Parents are also important
o Family
2
, o Children
o Partner
Sexuality is a biopsychosocial phenomenon
2.3 SEX: ETYMOLOGY
Latin
o Sexus: group, part, sort, kind, form
o Secare: to cut, to divide
English: sex
o 1382: a person with a certain sex
o 1526: characteristic of being women or men
sex related to a woman and a man
o 1929: sexual intercourse → “dirty word”
‘sex’ as a ‘dirty’ word only started in the 30’s
o 1950: gender:
Men and women (gender role – gender identity: do you identify yourself as a man or a
woman?)
Sex: sexual behaviour and attraction to others
Gender roles, sex should be separated from gender
gender – role description in society
3
, 2.4 SEX: DEFINITION
There is a reverse of the importance that is being related to sex
Sex = “Sexual activity, including specifically sexual intercourse”
o “Either of the two main categories (male and female) into which humans and most other
living things are divided on the basis of their reproductive functions”
Sex = Everything that is sexual
Sex = Biological differences between men and women
Sex = Behaviours and feelings that are related to physical arousal and having sex
Sex = Behaviours in which your genitals play a role and that lead to physical arousal
o F.ex. sexual intercourse, masturbation, oral sex
2.5 SEXUALITY: ETYMOLOGY
French: sexualité
o = What is related to a certain sex – idea of dividing man or women using the word sex
Sexuality = broader meaning (all that is related to sexual life)
o Refers to emotions and behaviour(s)
o Ideas and desires
o Sexuality = an euphemism for sex (which is seen as rougher)
2.6 SEXUALITY: DEFINITION
Capacity for sexual feelings
o A person’s sexual orientation or preference
o Sexual activity
Ways you experience and express sexuality
Someone’s sexual emotions, ideas and behavior
Broader domain of emotions, desires, behaviors, etc that are broader than the paradigmatic sexual
behaviors and emotions
(Biological) sex, sexual behavior
Someone’s sexual behaviour and desires
All occurrences that are related to one’s sex life
All aspects of feeling and being sexual
o Sexual acts (narrow definition)
Kissing, petting
Masturbation
Sexual intercourse
o Sexual behaviour (broad definition)
Being flirtatious
Romantic dining
Dressing in a seductive way
Reading Playboy
Surfing on the internet in search for sexually explicit material
Behaviours that are defined as “sexual” vary:
o Over time
o Between different groups
o Between different cultures
“Sexual” is dependent of
o ideas of “normalcy” about sex
o Male and female role patterns
o Social context
o Culture
First ‘normal’ sexuality meant in a marriage between man and woman to create children that was
how it should be -> automatische consent zogezegd
Consent!! Created after homosexuality stopped being seen as abnormality
4
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