TEST BANK Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 4/E Theresa Kyle
Chapter 1.
Introduction to Child Health and Pediatric Nursing
Format: Multiple Choice
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Cognitive Level: Understand
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Page and Header: 6, Child Health
1. The nurse providing family-centered care in a hospital setting reflects on the focus
of the health care provided in today’s society. Which statement best describes the
current definition of health?
A) Health is described as “an absence of disease.”
B) Health is measured by monitoring mortality and morbidity of a group.
C) Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
D) Technologic gains made in health care are shared equally among all
children.
Ans: C
Feedback:
In the past, health was defined simply as the absence of disease; health was
measured by monitoring the mortality and morbidity of a group. Over the past
century, however, the focus of health has shifted to disease prevention, health
promotion, and wellness. The World Health Organization (2018) defines health as “a
state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity.” The gains in child health have been huge, but, unfortunately,
these gains are not shared equally among all children.
Format: Multiple Choice
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Cognitive Level: Understand
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Page and Header: 6, The History of Child Health and Child Health Care
Page 1
,2. The student nurse is learning about the history of child health and health care in
the United States. Which statement accurately reflects the condition of health care in
the past and current centuries?
A) In past centuries in the United States, the health of the country was better
than it is today due to the simpler style of living.
B) In the current century, mortality rates are high, but life expectancy has
increased due to technologic advances.
C) In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, urban public health improvements
made cities healthier places for growing children.
D) By the late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather than infectious
diseases had become the leading cause of death for children older than 1 year
old.
Ans: D
Feedback:
In past centuries in the United States, the health of the country was poorer than it is
today; mortality rates were high and life expectancy was short. Over the years, the
health of children received more and more attention, leading to a better
understanding of sources of illness and improvements in sanitation, water, and
nutrition. As a result, by the late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather than
infectious diseases had become the leading cause of death for children older than 1
year old.
Format: Multiple Choice
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive Level: Apply
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Page and Header: 6, The History of Child Health and Child Health Care
3. The nurse is administering a number of therapeutic interventions for neonates,
infants, and children on the pediatric unit. Which intervention contributes to an
increase in chronic illness seen in early childhood?
A) Administering antibiotics to prevent lethal infections
B) Vaccinating children to prevent childhood diseases
C) Using mechanical ventilation for premature infants
D) Using corticosteroids as a treatment for asthma
Page 2
, Ans: C
Feedback:
Using mechanical ventilation and medications to foster lung development in
premature infants increases their survival rate. Yet the infants who survive are often
faced with myriad chronic illnesses. Administering antibiotics to prevent lethal
infections, vaccinating children to prevent childhood diseases, and using
corticosteroids as a treatment for asthma may cause side effects, but do not
contribute to chronic illness in children.
Format: Multiple Choice
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Cognitive Level: Apply
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Page and Header: 7, Measurement of Children’s Health Status
4. The nurse is reviewing a copy of the U.S. Surgeon General’s Report, Healthy
People. Which nursing action best reflects the nurse fostering this healthcare
agenda?
A) The nurse signs up for classes to obtain an advanced degree in nursing.
B) The nurse volunteers at a local healthcare clinic providing free vaccinations
for low-income populations.
C) The nurse performs an in-service on basic hospital equipment for student
nurses.
D) The nurse compiles nursing articles on evidence-based practices in nursing
to present at a hospital training seminar.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Healthy People is a comprehensive health promotion and disease prevention agenda
that is working toward improving the quantity and quality of life for all Americans
(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2019). Overarching goals are
obtain healthy, thriving lives, to eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and
premature death; achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and attain health
literacy to improve the health of all groups; create physical, economic and social
environments that promote good health; and well-being for all; promote healthy
development and behaviors across every stage of life; and engage leadership, the
public, and key constituents to take action and develop policies that will improve the
health and well-being of all. Volunteering at a local healthcare clinic directly reflects
Page 3
, the goal of improving the health of all groups of people. Signing up for classes,
performing in-services on equipment, and compiling nursing articles on
evidence-based practices in nursing are all worthwhile activities that foster
healthcare delivery, but are not as directly linked to the agenda of promoting health
in the community.
Format: Multiple Select
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Cognitive Level: Remember
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
Page and Header: 10, Neonatal and Infant Mortality Rate
5. The neonatal nurse researches the neonatal and mortality rates in the United
States. Which statements accurately describe these measurements of child health?
Select all that apply.
A) Neonatal mortality is the number of infant deaths occurring in the first 28
days of life per 1,000 live births.
B) The infant mortality rate refers to the number of deaths occurring in the first
6 months of life.
C) Neonatal mortality is documented as the number of deaths in relation to
1,000 live births.
D) The infant mortality rate is used as an index of the general health of a
country.
E) In 2017, the infant mortality rate in the United States was 5.8 per 1,000 live
births.
F) The infant mortality rate is consistent from state to state as well as between
ethnic groups.
Ans: A, C, D, E
Feedback:
Neonatal mortality is the number of infant deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life
per 1,000 live births. The infant mortality rate refers to the number of deaths
occurring in the first 12 months of life and is documented as the number of deaths in
relation to 1,000 live births. The infant mortality rate is used as an index of the
general health of a country; generally, this statistic is one of the most significant
measures of children’s health. In 2017, the infant mortality rate in the United States
was 5.8 per 1,000 live births. The infant mortality rate varies greatly from state to
state as well as between ethnic groups.
Page 4
