TEST BANK Fundamentals of Nursing:
The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care 10th Edition by
Carol R. Taylor
Chapter 1. Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
1.An oncology nurse with 15 years of experience, certification in the area of oncology
nursing, and a master's degree is considered to be an expert in the area of practice.
The nurse works on an oncology unit in a large teaching hospital. Based upon this
description, which career role best describes this nurse's role, taking into account the
qualifications and experience?
A. clinical nurse specialist
B. nurse entrepreneur
C. nurse practitioner
D. nurse educator
Answer: A
Rationale: A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse with an advanced degree, education,
or experience who is considered to be an expert in a specialized area of nursing.
The clinical nurse specialist carries out direct client care; consultation; educating
clients, families, and staff; and research. A nurse practitioner has an advanced
degree and works in a variety of settings to deliver primary care. A nurse educator
usually has an advanced degree and teaches in the educational or clinical setting. A
nurse entrepreneur may manage a clinic or health-related business.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 18
2. What guidelines do nurses follow to identify the client's health care needs and
strengths, to establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to
evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes?
A. Nursing process
B. ANA Standards of Professional Performance
C. Evidence-based practice guidelines
D. Nurse Practice Acts
Answer: A
Rationale: The nursing process is one of the major guidelines for nursing practice
and the profession. Nurses implement their roles through the nursing process. The
nursing process is used by the nurse to identify the client's health care needs and
strengths, to establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to
evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes. The American
Nurses Association (ANA) develops the general nursing scope and standards that
apply to all nurses. Evidence-based practice guidelines are grounded in research
,and direct nursing care. Safe, competent nursing practice is grounded in the law as
written in the state nurse practice act (NPA) and the state rules/regulations.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 21
3. Which organization is the best source of information when a nurse wishes to
determine whether an action is within the scope of nursing practice?
A. American Nurses Association (ANA)
B. American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)
C. National League for Nursing (NLN)
D. International Council of Nurses (ICN)
Answer: A
Rationale: The ANA's 2021 Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice defines
activities that are specific and unique to nursing. Standards allow nurses to carry
out professional roles, serving as protection for the nurse, the patient, and the
institution where health care is provided. The competencies articulated in the
Standards describe expected levels of performance that integrate knowledge, skills,
abilities, and judgments. Each nurse is accountable for their own quality of practice
and is responsible for the use of these standards to ensure knowledgeable, safe,
and comprehensive nursing care. The AACN addresses educational standards, while
the NLN promotes and fosters various aspects of nursing. The ICN provides a venue
for national nursing organizations to collaborate, but does not define standards and
scope of practice.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 20
4. Which set of terms best describes nursing at the end of the Middle Ages?
A. continuity, caring, critical thinking
B. purpose, direction, leadership
C. assessment, interventions, outcomes
D. advocacy, research, education
Answer: B
Rationale: During the Middle Ages, nursing began to have a more clearly defined
role. Members of religious orders gave nursing care, nursing orders were founded,
and nursing became a respected vocation. Although the Middle Ages ended in
chaos, nursing had developed purpose, direction, and leadership. All of the other
,answers include concepts that were not developed until much later in history, such
as the nursing process (assessment, interventions, outcomes) and continuity,
critical thinking, advocacy, and research, all of which were developed in the 20th
century.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 7
5. Who is considered to be the founder of professional nursing?
A. Dorothea Dix
B. Lillian Wald
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Clara Barton
Answer: C
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is considered to be the founder of professional
nursing. Ms. Nightingale elevated the status of nursing to a respected occupation,
improved the quality of nursing care, and founded modern nursing education.
Although the other choices are people who were important to the development of
nursing, none of them is considered the founder. Dorothea Dix was an American
activist on behalf of the people who were indigent and suffered from mentally
illness who, through a vigorous program of lobbying state legislatures and the
United States Congress, created the first generation of American mental health
institiutions. During the Civil War, Ms. Dix served as a Superintendent of Army
Nurses. Lillian Wald founded the Henry Street Settlement in New York City and was
an early advocate to have nurses in public schools. Clara Barton was a pioneering
nurse who founded the American Red Cross.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 10
6. Which nursing pioneer established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882?
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Clara Barton
C. Dorothea Dix
D. Jane Addams
Answer: B
Rationale: Clara Barton volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers
during the civil war, served as the supervisor of nurses for the Army of the James,
, organized hospitals and nurses, and established the Red Cross in the United States
in 1882. Dorothea Dix created the first generation of American mental asylums.
Jane Addams was known as the "mother" of social work. Florence Nightingale was
an English social reformer and statistician, and the founder of modern nursing.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 10
7. Teaching a client about performing a self examination of the skin is an example
of what broad aim of nursing?
A. treating illness
B. preventing illness
C. restoring health
D. facilitating coping
Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses primarily prevent illness by teaching and personal example.
Illness prevention activities focus on avoiding illness or achieving early detection of
an illness, such as skin cancer. Treating illness involves nursing interventions for
people who have surgery or are ill. Facilitating coping is involved with easing
transitions to new states of being. Restoring health involves helping clients return
to a former level of health after experiencing an illness or injury.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 15
8. A nurse practitioner is caring for a couple who are the parents of an infant
diagnosed with Down syndrome. The nurse makes referrals for a parent support
group for the family. This is an example of which nursing role?
A. teacher/educator
B. leader
C. counselor
D. collaborator
Answer: C
Rationale: Counseling skills involve the use of therapeutic interpersonal
communication skills to provide information, make appropriate referrals, and
facilitate the client's problem-solving and decision-making skills. The
teacher/educator uses communication skills to assess, implement, and evaluate
individualized teaching plans to meet learning needs of clients and their families. A
