CBIS Exam Prep Complete Questions and Answers(GRADED A)

CBIS Exam Prep Complete Questions and Answers(GRADED A) lost productivity - ANSWER one measure of the cost to society due to injury or disease; includes the loss of wages a person would have earned if they had not become unemployable due to disability, loss of taxes contributing to economy, costs to the government of supporting the individual, etc.; lost productivity costs DO NOT include cost of treatment and support post-injury or illness acquired brain injury (ABI) - ANSWER An injury to the brain that is not hereditary, congenital, degenerative, or induced by birth trauma traumatic brain injury (TBI) - ANSWER an alteration in brain function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by an external force traumatic impact - ANSWER injuries resulting from contact (when head is struck by or against an object) traumatic intertial injuries - ANSWER injury to the brain not caused by impact but as a result of inertial forces, such as acceleration-deceleration forces closed injuries - ANSWER injury to the brain resulting in brain lacerations, contusions or intracerebral hemorrhage open injuries - ANSWER injury to the head in which there is a breach of the skull or a breach of the meninges penetrating brain injury - ANSWER any injury that involves the penetration of a foreign object, munitions, fragment, bone chip, etc. through the dura mater non-traumatic brain injury - ANSWER damage to the brain caused by internal factors, such as oxygen or nutrient deprivation to brain cells, exposure to toxins, pressure from a tumor or blockage, or other neurological disorder coup-contrecoup injury - ANSWER Coup injury: head injury that results from impact of a moving object--occurs at the site of impact Contrecoup effect: impact injury resulting from the moving head striking a stationary object--injury occurs at the side of the head opposite the point of impact primary injury - ANSWER initial cause of damage to the brain, from which injury severity ratings are obtained secondary injury - ANSWER pathophysiological events that occur following the initial primary injury to the brain loss of consciousness (LOC) - ANSWER temporary altered state, unlike sleep, when a person is unresponsive to stimuli; usually due to trauma, stroke, or other injury risk factors for brain injury - ANSWER injury severity age at injury alcohol misuse domestic violence service in the military participation in sports history of prior brain injury chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) - ANSWER a condition, diagnosed after death, relative to multiple concussions caused by significant force. A progressive degenerative disease, CTE is most often sustained by athletes participating in contact sports; may also be observed in domestic violence victims or abused children who have sustained numerous blows to the head neurogenic bladder - ANSWER a secondary condition caused when a TBI affects the cerebral structures controlling bladder storage and emptying functions spasticity - ANSWER involuntary, abnormal motor patterns; may interfere with a person's general functioning, self-care, and mobility activities of daily living (ADLs) - ANSWER dressing, eating, showering, toileting, walking post-traumatic immune paralysis - ANSWER acute period after sustaining significant bodily trauma, when the immune response is significantly impaired; frequently associated with the high prevalence of potentially life-threatening infections post-injury computed tomography (CT) - ANSWER a cross-sectional series of X-rays used to view body organs, allowing medical professionals to view the scans in multiple individual layers; some scans can be reconstructed into a 3D image