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orthopedic technology summary scientific skills 1

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  • January 23, 2024
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  • 2022/2023
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EBP
= evidence based practice
 Clinical expertise
 Patient preference
 Best scientific research evidence

Lesson 1 - What is scientific research?

1. Different types of research
 Fundamental/basic, practical and applied research
- Applied: met het doel specifieke, praktische problemen op te lossen of iets nieuws te
ontwikkelen dat in de wereld kan toegepast worden
- Praktisch onderzoek = the building of knowledge useful to practice that. adheres to the basic
principles of scientific inquiry  meestal in orthopedie
- Fundamental research: uitzoeken hoe iets werkt op een niveau dat niet direct in de praktijk
uitgevoerd kan worden; focust op het begrijpen basisprincipes en concepten, niet zozeer
specifieks iets nieuws te creëren
 Quantitative and qualitative research
- qualitative = observaties, interviews, enquêtes…
- quantitative = een getal, hoeveelheid, metingen…

2. Characteristics of good research
 Researcher is objective and open to any possible outcomes
Research is general  breed, algemeen
- Not influenced by (individual/subjective) judgements, prejudices, opinions and wishes
- Describes a true and correct reality, independent of those involved in the research process
- Relevant/applicable to a “sample” population
 The method and the results can be verified
- Transparent, complete, open
 The study is repeatable
- Others must be able to repeat the examination, to apply the methods already described in
another study
 Systematic and structured research
 Research is carried out step by step, phases of the research are well defined
- Identify the problem.
- Review literature.
- Define research question (objectives and hypotheses).
- Decide the research design.
- Describe the population/sample.
- Collect data.
- Process and analyze data.
- Write the report




1

, 3. Research goal/aim
4. General set-up of research
1) Research question  good question
- Question form
 always, what do you want to find out
 If not a question  aim or hypothesis of the research study
- Research question ≠ aim/goal of research
- Open or closed
 Open questions: more nuanced, more complete, more difficult to process
 Closed questions: less nuanced, less complete, easier to process
- Formulation: specific, narrow/focused, not ambiguous
2) Phases of research
- Phase 1: Define the objective
- Phase 2: Review literature, background information
- Phase 3: Formulate the research question
- Phase 4: Research design
- Phase 5: Acquisition of data
- Phase 6: Process and analyze data
- Phase 7: Evaluation, feedback to objective
- Phase 8: Report



5. How is research reported?
 Scientific articles
- Researcher is objective and open to any possible outcomes
- The method and the results can be verified
- The study is repeatable
- Systematic research
- How does an article get published?




 The set-up of an article
- Title
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Introduction / background

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