ISI MANUAL Module 1: Fundamental Medical Imaging Informatics
6 views 0 purchase
Course
DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY
Institution
DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY
• Fundamental medical imaging informatics also known as radiology informatics or medical imaging informatics, is a subspecialty of biomedical informatics that aims to improve the efficiency, accuracy and reliability of medical imaging services within the healthcare enterprise.
• It is devoted ...
ISI MANUAL
Module 1: Fundamental Medical Imaging Informatics
Fundamental medical imaging informatics also known as radiology informatics or
medical imaging informatics, is a subspecialty of biomedical informatics that aims to
improve the efficiency, accuracy and reliability of medical imaging services within the
healthcare enterprise.
It is devoted to the study of how information about and contained within medical images
is retrieved, analyzed, enhanced, and exchanged throughout medical enterprise.
As radiology is an inherently data-intensive and technology driven specialty of medicine,
radiologists have become leaders in Imaging Informatics.
Various industry players and vendors involved with medical imaging, along with IT
experts and other biomedical informatics professionals, are contributing and getting
involved in this expanding field.
Imaging informatics is part of a larger field of clinical informatics. Radiology informatics
has some overlap with specific parts of the fields od medical physics, computer science,
data science, and cognitive science.
Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD)
It is the use of a computer generated output as an assisting tool
for a clinician to make a diagnosis. It is different from
automated computer diagnosis, in which the end diagnosis is
based on a computer algorithm only.
As an early form of artificial intelligence, computer aided
diagnosis systems have been used extensively within radiology
for many years.
The most common applications are for detection of breast
cancer on mammography and of pulmonary nodules on chest
CT.
, The term is often used broadly for both computer-aided detection and computer-aided
diagnosis.
Computer-aided Detection (CADe)
Marks specific areas of images that may seem abnormal, designed to reduce the
risk of missing pathologies.
Computer-aided Diagnosis (CADx)
Helps a practitioner assess and classify pathology in medical images.
Radiomics
It is a field of medical study that aims to extract a large number of quantitative features
from medical images using data characterization algorithms.
The data is assessed for improved decision support.
It has the potential to uncover disease characteristics that are difficult to identify by
human vision alone.
Can be applied to most imaging modalities including radiographs, ultrasound, CT, MRI,
and PET studies.
A typical example of radiomics is using texture analysis to correlate molecular and
historical features of diffuse high-grade gliomas.
Artificial Intelligence
Defined by some as the "branch of computer
science dealing with the simulation of
intelligent behavior in computers, however
the precise definition is actually a matter of
debate among experts.
An alternative definition is the branch of
computer science dedicated to creating
algorithms that can solve problems without
being explicitly programmed for all the
specificities of the problems.
, Al algorithms and in particular deep learning (part of machine learning) aim to either
assist humans with solving a problem or solve the problem without human input.
The exponential increase in computational processing and memory capability has opened
up the potential for Al to handle much larger datasets, including those required in
radiology.
The term artificial intelligence is credited to John McCarthy, a mathematician (and the
creator of the LISP programming language) who proposed and organized a summer
research conference that happened in 1956 at Dartmouth on artificial Intelligence, who
used the term.
The conference is considered by many to be the moment that Al was founded as an area
of academic research, however it could be argued that the creation of the field began
earlier with Alan Turing, who developed the Turing test, or even before.
Computer Science
It is the study of computation and information.
Computer science deals with theory of computation,
algorithms, computational problems and the design of
computer systems hardware, software and
applications.
Computer science addresses both human-made and
natural information processes, such as
communication, control, perception, learning and
intelligence especially in human-made computing
systems and machines.
Computer Technology
It combines the hardware of computers and computer-controlled devices with software-
operating systems, authoring tools, expert systems, and courseware-to support training
technology.
Information Technology
(IT) is the use of computers to store, retrieve,
transmit, and manipulate data or information. IT is
typically used within the context of business
operations as opposed to personal or entertainment
technologies.
IT is considered to be a subset of information and
communications technology (ICT).
An information technology system (IT system) is
generally an information system, a communications
, system or, more specifically speaking, a computer system - including all hardware,
software and peripheral equipment - operated by a limited group of users.
Information Science
It is an academic field which is primarily concerned with analysis, collection,
classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection
of information.
Practitioners within and outside the field study the application and the usage of
knowledge in organizations along with the interaction between people, organizations, and
any existing information systems with the aim of creating, replacing, improving, or
understanding information systems.
Historically, information science is associated with computer science, psychology,
technology and intelligence agencies.
However, information science also incorporates aspects of diverse fields such as archival
science, cognitive science, commerce, law, linguistics, museology, management,
mathematics, philosophy, public policy, and social sciences.
Digital Biomedicine/Medicine and Healthcare Information Technology
Biomedicine
Also referred to as Western medicine,
mainstream medicine or conventional
medicine.
It is a branch of medical science that
applies biological and physiological
principles to clinical practice.
Biomedicine stresses standardized,
evidence-based treatment validated
through biological research, with
treatment administered via formally
trained doctors, nurses, and other
such licensed practitioners.
Biomedicine also can relate to many
other categories in health and
biological related fields. It has been
the dominant system of medicine in
the Western world for more than a
century.
Health Information Technology
It is health technology, particularly
information technology, applied to
health and health care. It supports
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller THEEXCELLENCELIBRARY. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $18.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
