Test Bank For A History of Western Society, Combined Edition,14e TB14 1. Origins, to 1200 B.C.E. TB14 1. Origins, to 1200 B.C.E. 1. Which descriptors best characterize the idea of "Western" in the early twenty-first century? a. Christian, democratic, and advocating civil liberties b. Democratic, individualist, and militaristic c. Individualist, capitalist, and competitive d. Capitalist, militaristic, and Christian ANSWER: c 2. How did the colonization launched by Europeans in the late fifteenth century affect the meaning of "Western"? a. "Western" came to be synonymous with imperialism and the establishment of European dominance around the globe. b. "Western" came to signify the destruction of the local, Indigenous cultures and those peoples who would not adopt European styles of thought and society. c. "Western" came to identify the spread of scientific progress and the advancement of society with the establishment of civil liberties and improved economies. d. "Western" came to signify cultures that included numerous peoples of European descent, wherever they were located around the world. ANSWER: d 3. Which civilization viewed the earlier civilization of Mesopotamia as advanced and "Eastern"? a. The Romans b. The Egyptians c. The Hittites d. The Greeks ANSWER: d 4. How were Eastern civilizations characterized after World War II? a. Capitalist b. Communist c. Anarchist d. Fascist ANSWER: b 5. What is meant by "cradles of civilization"? a. Places where people first started to use agriculture b. Places where historians think humanity first started c. Places where writing and cities developed d. Places where religion and worship occurred ANSWER: c 1 Test Bank For A History of Western Society, Combined Edition,14e TB14 1. Origins, to 1200 B.C.E. 6. Which statement best characterizes the Neolithic stage of human development? a. Humans lived in small, migratory groups of relatives. b. Agriculture and animal husbandry were primary ways of life. c. Bronze weapons were used. d. Food was acquired primarily by foraging. ANSWER: b 7. Çatal Hüyük is one of the best-known examples of a a. Bronze Age city. b. Neolithic community with a very large population. c. Paleolithic religious center. d. Mesopotamian irrigation network. ANSWER: b 8. The root cause of the division of labor within Neolithic towns was a. the production of agricultural surpluses. b. the elaboration of religious ideas and beliefs. c. the formation of standing armies. d. the development of metalworking technology. ANSWER: a 9. The Fertile Crescent was a region of mild climate and abundant wild grain where agriculture first developed in what modern geographic areas? a. Greece, Italy, and the Balkan Peninsula b. Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and the Iberian Peninsula c. Ethiopia, Somalia, and the Arabian peninsula d. Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Turkey, and Iraq ANSWER: d 10. Which organizational structure is identified as an economic system of domestication and herding of goats, sheep, cattle, or other animals in order to benefit humans? a. Pastoralism b. Capitalism c. Agrarianism d. Socialism ANSWER: a 11. Which societal system gives men more access to power and resources? a. Matriarchy b. Anarchy c. Patriarchy d. Oligarchy 2 Test Bank For A History of Western Society, Combined Edition,14e TB14 1. Origins, to 1200 B.C.E. ANSWER: c 12. Which metal ore was the first to be mined and extracted by a process known as smelting in the Balkan Peninsula around 5500 B.C.E.? a. Iron b. Lead c. Zinc d. Copper ANSWER: d 13. Neolithic societies developed religions with multiple deities that reflected the agricultural cycle and patterns of life. This form of worship is called a. monotheism. b. deism. c. polytheism. d. monolatrism. ANSWER: c 14. In which period of human development was smelted copper combined with zinc, tin, and arsenic to create spear points and axes? a. Iron Age b. Paleolithic Age c. Neolithic Age d. Bronze Age ANSWER: d 15. Human origins can be traced back to a. East Africa. b. the Middle East. c. southern Europe. d. North America. ANSWER: a 16. Evidence suggests that Paleolithic people a. built and lived in large stone structures. b. created complex writing systems based on ideograms. c. often lived in communities of three to four thousand people. d. developed forms of expression that we now refer to as art, culture, and religion. ANSWER: d 17. Why was the invention of the scratch plow so important? a. It allowed people to farm in desert environments. 3