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NCLEX PN - Nutrition NCLEX: Questions & Answers With Rationales
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NCLEX PN - Nutrition NCLEX: Questions & Answers With Rationales
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NCLEX PN - Nutrition NCLEX: Questions & AnswersWith Rationales
A client is having problems with blood clotting.
Which food item should the nurse encourage the client to eat?
A) legumes
B) citrus fruits
C) vegetable oils
D) green, leafy vegetables Correct Ans - D) green, leafy vegetables
Rationale:
Green, leafy vegetables are high in vitamin K, which acts as a catalyst for
facilitating blood-clotting factors.
Legumes are high in folic acid and thiamine.
Citrus fruits are high in vitamin C, which helps with wound healing.
Vegetable oil is high in vitamin E, which acts as an antioxidant.
When reinforcing instructions to a client with acute diverticulitis, which
should the nurse include?
A) avoid whole-grain products
B) limit fluids to 1000 mL daily
C) increase intake of seeds and nuts
D) increase intake of raw fruits and vegetables Correct Ans - A)
avoid whole-grain products
Rationale:
Diet therapy for acute diverticulitis involves allowing the bowel to rest by
avoiding high-fiber foods, such as whole-grain products and raw fruits and
vegetables.
Fluids are encouraged rather than restricted.
,Seeds and nuts are to be avoided so that they do not become trapped in the
diverticula and cause irritation.
In non-acute stages, a high-fiber diet may be prescribed.
A client is a lacto-vegetarian. Which food item should the nurse remove
from the tray?
A) eggs
B) milk
C) cheese
D) broccoli Correct Ans - B) eggs
Rationale:
Eggs are not consumed by lacto-vegetarians. Other dairy and plant
products are eaten by lacto-vegetarians
A low-sodium diet has been prescribed for a client with hypertension.
Which food selected from the menu by the client indicates an
understanding of this diet?
A) baked turkey
B) tomato soup
C) boiled shrimp
D) chicken gumbo Correct Ans - A) baked turkey
Rationale:
Regular soup (1 cup) contains 900 mg of sodium.
Fresh shellfish (1 oz) contains 50 mg of sodium.
Poultry (1 oz) contains 25 mg of sodium
The nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with gout.
The nurse should tell the client to avoid which food item?
,A) scallops
B) chocolate
C) cornbread
D) macaroni products Correct Ans - A) scallops
Rationale:
Scallops should be omitted from the diet of a client who has gout because
of the high purine content.
The food items in the remaining options have negligible purine content and
may be consumed by the client with gout.
A clear liquid diet has been prescribed for a client with gastroenteritis.
Which item is appropriate to offer to the client?
A) soft custard
B) orange juice
C) clam chowder
D) fat-free beef broth Correct Ans - D) fat-free beef broth
Rationale:
A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are relatively transparent.
Soft custard and orange juice would be included in a full liquid diet because
they are opaque, not clear.
Clam chowder is opaque and also includes pieces of clams, thus eliminating
it from a full liquid diet.
A client with heart disease is instructed regarding a low-fat diet.
The nurse determines that the client understands the diet if the client
states to avoid which food item?
A) apples
B) cheese
, C) oranges
D) skim milk Correct Ans - B) cheese
rationale:
fruits, vegetables and skim milk contain minimal amounts of fat.
cheese is high in fat.
the nurse reinforces instructions to a client to increase the amount of
riboflavin in the diet.
The nurse should tell the client to select which food item that is high in
riboflavin?
A) milk
B) tomatoes
C) citrus fruits
D) green, leafy vegetables Correct Ans - D) milk
rationale
food sources of riboflavin include milk, lean meats, fish and grains.
Tomatoes and citrus fruits are high in vitamin C.
Green leafy vegetables are high in folic acid.
a client with a burn injury is transferred to the nursing unit and a regular
diet has been prescribed.
The nurse encourages the client to eat which dietary items to promote
wound healing?
A) veal, potatoes, gelatin, and orange juice
B) chicken breast, broccoli, strawberries, and milk
C) peanut butter and jelly sandwich, cantaloupe and tea
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