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Samenvatting School & Pedagogische Psychologie
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Samenvatting van alle lessen en alle leerstof van school&pedagogische psychologie
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School- en pedagogische psychologieInhoud
Kinderen en jongeren met gedrags- en emotionele problemen ............................................................ 6
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................... 6
Wat zijn gedrags- en emotionele problemen? ................................................................................... 6
Classificatie van gedrags- en emotionele problemen ......................................................................... 6
Klinisch-psychiatrische classificatiesystemen ................................................................................. 6
Empirisch-statische classificatiesystemen ...................................................................................... 6
Epidemiologisch onderzoek naar gedrags- en emotionele problemen .............................................. 6
Etiologie van gedrags- en emotionele problemen.............................................................................. 7
Diagnostiek van gedrags- en emotionele problemen ......................................................................... 8
Onderkennende of classificerende diagnostiek.............................................................................. 8
Verklarende diagnostiek ................................................................................................................. 8
(Be)handelingsgerichte diagnostiek................................................................................................ 9
Behandeling van gedrags- en emotionele problemen........................................................................ 9
Theoretische perspectieven op behandeling.................................................................................. 9
Integrale jeugdhulp ................................................................................................................................. 9
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................... 9
Schema ................................................................................................................................................ 9
ADHD ..................................................................................................................................................... 14
Kenmerken van kinderen met ADHD ................................................................................................ 14
Criteria van ADHD volgens DSM 5 .................................................................................................... 14
Kenmerken van ADHD op verschillende leeftijden ........................................................................... 15
Differentiaaldiagnose en comorbiditeit ............................................................................................ 16
Prevalentie ........................................................................................................................................ 16
Culturele en maatschappelijke invloeden......................................................................................... 16
Etiologie (risico- en beschermende factoren)................................................................................... 17
Diagnostiek ....................................................................................................................................... 17
Preventie en behandeling ................................................................................................................. 18
Drie bewezen therapievormen ..................................................................................................... 19
Drie nieuwe, mogelijke behandelmethoden ................................................................................ 20
Conclusie behandeling .................................................................................................................. 20
Agressie en gedragsproblemen ............................................................................................................ 20
Kenmerken van ernstige gedragsproblemen? .................................................................................. 20
, Wanneer spreken we van een stoornis (DSM 5)? ............................................................................ 21
Differentiaaldiagnose en co-morbiditeit........................................................................................... 22
Prevalentie ........................................................................................................................................ 22
Culturele en maatschappelijke invloeden......................................................................................... 22
Etiologie (risico- en beschermende factoren)................................................................................... 23
Diagnostiek ....................................................................................................................................... 24
Preventie en behandeling --> volgende les....................................................................................... 25
Motivatie ....................................................................................................................................... 26
Ambulante behandeling................................................................................................................ 27
Residentiele behandeling.............................................................................................................. 30
Interventies op school................................................................................................................... 30
Kinderen en jongeren met een licht verstandelijke beperking ............................................................ 31
Definitie en criteria ........................................................................................................................... 31
3 criteria voor diagnose van verstandelijke beperking (AAIDD en DSM 5) .................................. 31
In de Vlaamse onderwijs- en zorgsector ........................................................................................... 32
Kenmerken van kinderen en jongeren met een licht verstandelijke beperking............................... 32
Complicaties voor de diagnostiek ..................................................................................................... 33
Diagnostische instrumenten ............................................................................................................. 33
Begeleiding........................................................................................................................................ 33
Lezen, spelling en dyslexie: ................................................................................................................... 35
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................. 35
Leren lezen .................................................................................................................................... 35
Leren spellen ................................................................................................................................. 35
Definities en begrippen ..................................................................................................................... 36
Classificatie Dyslexie (criteria) .......................................................................................................... 37
Comorbiditeit .................................................................................................................................... 38
Prevalentie ........................................................................................................................................ 38
Prognose ........................................................................................................................................... 38
Rekenen en dyscalculie ......................................................................................................................... 39
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................. 39
Ontwikkeling aantallen, hoeveelheden en relaties .......................................................................... 39
Basisvoorwaarden: ........................................................................................................................ 39
Aanleg rekenen: ............................................................................................................................ 39
Voorbereidende rekenvaardigheden:........................................................................................... 39
Tellen:............................................................................................................................................ 40
Ontwikkeling getalbegrip: ............................................................................................................. 40
, Samenvatting: ............................................................................................................................... 40
Specifieke vaardigheden ................................................................................................................... 40
Dyscalculie......................................................................................................................................... 41
Kenmerken: ................................................................................................................................... 41
Criteria: ......................................................................................................................................... 41
Prevalentie: ................................................................................................................................... 41
Comorbiditeit: ............................................................................................................................... 41
M-decreet en zorgcontinuüm in de leerlingenbegeleiding .................................................................. 42
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................. 42
M-decreet ......................................................................................................................................... 42
Zorgcontinuüm in de leerlingenbegeleiding ..................................................................................... 42
Ondersteuningsnetwerken ............................................................................................................... 44
Problemen en kritiek M-decreet....................................................................................................... 44
Decreet leersteun voor leerlingen met specifieke onderwijsbehoeften .......................................... 44
Flexibele leerwegen .......................................................................................................................... 44
Conclusie flexibele leerwegen: ..................................................................................................... 45
Stemmingsstoornissen, suïcide en suïcidepreventie bij kinderen ........................................................ 45
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................. 45
Indeling stemmingsstoornissen: ................................................................................................... 45
Criteria depressie DSM 5 (niet op examen want komt aanbod bij klinische) ................................... 46
Leeftijdsspecifieke symptomen of kenmerken ................................................................................. 46
Prognose ........................................................................................................................................... 48
Comorbiditeit en differentiaaldiagnose............................................................................................ 48
Prevalentie ........................................................................................................................................ 48
Culturele en maatschappelijke invloeden......................................................................................... 48
Etiologie ............................................................................................................................................ 48
Diagnostiek ....................................................................................................................................... 49
Preventie en behandeling van depressie .......................................................................................... 51
Suïcide bij kinderen jongeren en suïcidepreventie ........................................................................... 51
DCD ....................................................................................................................................................... 51
Klinisch beeld .................................................................................................................................... 51
Criteria DSM 5 ................................................................................................................................... 51
Prevalentie ........................................................................................................................................ 52
Prognose ........................................................................................................................................... 52
Diagnostiek ....................................................................................................................................... 52
Begeleiding........................................................................................................................................ 52
, Taalstoornissen ..................................................................................................................................... 52
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................. 52
Problemen in de taalontwikkeling .................................................................................................... 53
Criteria .............................................................................................................................................. 53
Prevalentie ........................................................................................................................................ 54
Prognose ........................................................................................................................................... 54
Diagnostiek ....................................................................................................................................... 54
Behandeling ...................................................................................................................................... 55
Ontwikkelen van cognitief talent .......................................................................................................... 55
Theoretische achtergrond................................................................................................................. 55
Kracht in jezelf................................................................................................................................... 57
Niet cognitieve leerkenmerken waardoor jongeren eventueel kunnen uitblinken op school: .... 57
Kracht in de omgeving ...................................................................................................................... 59
Onderwijsaanpassingen: ............................................................................................................... 60
Zone van naaste ontwikkeling Vygotski 1896-1934:..................................................................... 60
Ingrijpende gebeurtenissen & toeval:........................................................................................... 62
Omgeving – persoonsfactoren:..................................................................................................... 62
Sociale relaties tussen kinderen en pesten .......................................................................................... 62
Theoretische en empirische achtergrond (begrippen en concepten) .............................................. 62
Sociaal functioneren ..................................................................................................................... 62
Sociaal-cognitieve processen ........................................................................................................ 66
Groepsprocessen .......................................................................................................................... 66
Prevalentie pesten ............................................................................................................................ 67
Diagnostiek ....................................................................................................................................... 67
Aanpak .............................................................................................................................................. 68
Motivatie:.............................................................................................................................................. 71
Inleiding: Wat is motivatie ................................................................................................................ 71
Studiemotivatie: doet het ertoe? ..................................................................................................... 73
Diagnostiek: ...................................................................................................................................... 75
Aanmelding/intake: ...................................................................................................................... 75
Aanvullend onderzoek: ................................................................................................................. 75
Advies : .......................................................................................................................................... 77
Faalangst ............................................................................................................................................... 82
Begripsomschrijving .......................................................................................................................... 82
Signaalherkenning............................................................................................................................. 83
Prevalentie ........................................................................................................................................ 84
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