SOPHIA 202 Week 4 Discussion

SOPHIA 202 Week 4 Discussion Chart for recording results: Resting pulse rate: 55 Resting respiration rate: 14 Pulse after 3 minutes of exercise: 108 Respiration after 3 minutes of exercise: 31 Resting pulse rate – 5 minutes after exercise: 89 Resting respiration rate – 5 minutes after exercise: 28 Brief description of the cardiovascular system: The cardiovascular system consists of blood, arteries, the heart, capillaries, and veins. The heart pumps the blood through the body via the blood vessels which transports water, oxygen and other nutrients to the other organs and parts of the body. Waste is then transported away as the blood travels from the organs, back to the heart (Colbert, Ankney & Lee, 2013). Brief description of the respiratory system: The respiratory system is made of the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, mouth, throat (pharynx), voice box (larynx), windpipe (trachea), diaphragm, lungs, bronchial tubes/bronchi, bronchioles, air sacs (alveoli) and capillaries. Air is brought into the body through the nose and mouth and enters the lungs. The oxygen is then transported into the blood stream (Colbert, Ankney & Lee, 2013). The cardiovascular and respiratory system work together by: providing oxygen to the organs of the body. Air moves in and out of the lungs through the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles. Blood moves in and out of the lungs through the pulmonary arteries and veins that connect to the heart (Smith, C. 2012) The cardiovascular system adjusts to meet the demands of exercise by (be sure to include appropriate terminology such as stroke volume, respiration, and pulse): When a person partakes in physical activity, the demand for oxygen becomes higher. The heart must then speed up in order to accommodate the body’s increased need for blood and oxygen (Colbert, Ankney & Lee, 2013). An untrained person’s heart rate and breathing rate would take longer to return to a resting rate compared to a person who is in good physical condition because their heart has had less time under tension to build up the stamina. Similar to other muscles in the body, it does not have to work as hard when it is in good shape and used the training. Brief explanation of the relationship between heart rate and breathing rate during physical activity: During physical activity the heart rate and breathing rate increases to make sure that more oxygen is absorbed into the blood, and more carbon dioxide is removed from it. Three contributing factors to coronary artery disease (CAD): a. Excess Weight b. Tobacco Use c. High Cholesterol CAD leads to dysfunction of the cardiovascular system by constricting blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen. When the blood vessels are narrowed it can cause SOB and CP during exercise. Three contributing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) a. Smoking or second hand smoke b. Genetics c. Exposure to smoke, chemicals or other harmful fumes. COPD leads to dysfunction of the respiratory system by causing inflammation and narrowing of the lungs, which makes it difficult for air to move in and out of the lungs. References: Colbert, B. J., Ankney, J., & Lee. K. T. (2013). Anatomy, physiology, & disease: An interactive journey for health professionals (2nd ed.). Boston: MA. Pearson Education. Smith, C. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: The Relationships of the Respiratory System. Retrieved from: