Class notes
Vertiefte Organische Chemie (Lehramt)
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Zusammenfassung/Vorlesungsmitschrift Vertiefte Organische Chemie für Lehramtskandidaten (VOCLA)
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Carbonylchemiedrei Gruppen von Carbonylverbindungen
•
① d d ② Ich d
II "
ÄR
II
FH & '
←
'
OH
& ←→
Heteroatom
Aldehyde Ketone Carbonsäuren Derivate
Addition von Nudeophil ( Verlust des Substitution =
Additions -
Eliminierung
-
Carbonyl O Atoms )
-
Mechanismus
③ Ich
H II
lohnt
Kohlensäure & ihre Derivate
× y
•
Reaktivität von Carbonylverbindungen
>
Et
T A Mit Nukleophile am C- Atom
R
, B mit Elektrophile am O -
Atom
NLP
BI
c mit Basen am a- CH
-
-
MO Diagramm
° -
größter Koeffizient
v
µ
E Ha da
TE.no ( =
0 <
LUMO
*
Er
# E-
0
4
Pz it hp Hr
"
IT ( =D <
HOMO
a.
µ
„
%
TEO "
Tao
7=0
H#
• Had
"
no
C- Atom o Atom
no
-
Hm
C-
µ
, •
Angriff des NUCKOPHIIS
Mit '
1070
,
LUMO =
Bürgi
-
Damitz -
TrajektOrte
" Öl .
am
- . . . . .
( =
0
AHM .
sp
?
-
hybridisiert
v
°
yg.NU sehr viel basischer als zuvor
/ \ >
sps -
hybridisiert
tetraedisches
Intermediat ( >
weiterer ReaktionsVerlauf hängt von Substituenten ab ! )
°
Angriff eines Elektrophile
'
"
.
. .
resonanzstabilisiertes
Oxocarbenillmion
starkes Elektro phil
pKs =
-8 >
ähnlich sauer wie HCI
Carbonyl gruppen werden nur von sehr starken Säuren IHM Ha p TSOH ) protoniert
• -
, ,
Die Carbonylgruppe kann nun auch von schwachen Nukleophile angegriffen werden !
schwaches
④ ¥
n.tl Ä
'
ElektroPhil
Hit
'
+ Ht
-
Proton wird wieder frei :
Katalyse
⑦
H
it!
" "
¥
to -
starkes "
. Hz
A to)
.
ElektroPhil
Hydrat
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