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P3 Compare different research methodologies for health and social care
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Unit 17 Research Methods. P3.
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P3 Compare difereen research menhodologies for healnh aed social carePrimary research
According to Gigi DeVault (2016) primary research is where the research and data gathered is collect
by the person investgatng themselves. The research conducted can include asking focus groups,
taking surveys, taking interviews and making observatons in order to obtain the informaton.
Primary research is useful compared to other forms such as secondary research as it solely focuses
on the aim of the person investgatng.
Structured observatons can also be used which involve people watching and recording others
behaviours. This can be done easily partcularly with a large sample where multple people’s
behaviour is observed. At a smaller practce there could be a smaller sample as less people may
consent to observatons which can be a difculty of the methodology; this therefore makes the
method less reliable in a smaller health and social care practce, (bham 2016). In primary data
collecton observatons cameras can be used so informaton can be gathered and be used to refer to.
These methods are benefcial as they provide the researcher direct answers to their questons in a
quanttatve way which provides detail. In the interviews more specifcally the interviewer can clarify
questons which could allow them to gain more useful informaton. On the other hand these
methods can be expensive and tme consuming. If the interviewer clarifes questons they may be
subject to bias which could mean that results are less useful. This type of collecton method will
beneft the service user as they can have their say on health care topics which can allow for more
targeted health care beneftng the service user more, (Primary Research 2016).
Other ways of collectng primary data involves qualitatve data collecton. In-depth interviews can be
taken which allow the partcipant to have more control over the interview. These can be structured
but stll allow the partcipants to have fexibly responses like through open questons. These can also
be unstructured interviews which allow partcipants to express their feelings which beneft the
service user, (bham 2016). Face to face interviews will occur which the interviewer can visit the
respondent in their home or a public place or could talk to them via the telephone. Responses to
questons asked will be recorded. Telephone surveys are good because there are no travel expenses
and are easy to complete. However over the telephone, people need to be persuaded to partcipate
and may not like cold callers which is a difculty of the method and therefor making them less
reliable, (Primary Research 2016).
Focus groups can also be used as primary research; they involve interviewing partcipants with
typically closed questons on a specifc topic and subject. Partcipant observatons are also used
which involves people being studied in a natural setng by the researcher where behaviour is
observed, (bham 2016). If the focus groups are large it can useful to save tme and gather extensive
amounts of informaton quickly. This therefore can improve reliability as a larger sample will be
looked at making conclusions more useful for professionals and patents. However, in the groups
people may not want to express their opinion openly or change it to ft in with the group which can
make fndings less accurate and more bias therefore not accurately representng the patents,
(Primary Research 2016).
Case studies are used in research as a primary resource. A case study involves a specifc person being
analysed for research purposes and provides in-depth detail about that person. These case studies
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