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Samenvatting - Cellen, weefsels en immunologie
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volledige samenvatting van de colleges over cellen , weefsels en immunologie
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Cellen en weefsels college 0Kenmerken van het leven:
- Metabolisme = stofwisseling (katabolisme , anabolisme, assimilatie, dissimilatie)
- Groei
- Voortplanting
- Adaptatie = aanpassingsvermogen
- Prikkelbaarheid en prikkelverwerking
- Beweging
- Homeostase
Opbouw mens:
- Atomen , ionen
- Moleculen , zouten
- Cellen
- Weefsels
- Organen
- Orgaanstelsel
- organisme
Homeostase: het vermogen van meercellige organismen om het interne milieu in evenwicht
te houden , ondanks veranderingen in de omgeving waarin het organisme zich bevindt , door
middel van regelkringen in het organisme.
Buffersysteem:
Een buffer is een stof die H+ reversibel aan zich kan binden
Bicarbonaat buffersysteem:
,Voedingsstoffen:
- koolhydraten (mono , di , polysachariden)
- vetten (glycerol met drie vetzuren)
- eiwitten (aminozuren , di , polypeptiden)
- ATP
Hoe kom je aan ATP
• Anaerobe dissimilatie (zonder zuurstof)
- Koolhydraten (glycolyse) , energie is snel beschikbaar
• Aerobe dissimilatie (verbranding met zuurstof)
- Koolhydraten (glycolyse + citroenzuurcyclus)
- Eiwitten (citroenzuurcyclus) , energie komt langzaam beschikbaar
Celmetabolisme
• Anaerobe dissimilatie: zonder zuurstof , vindt plaats in het celplasma
• Aerobe dissimilatie: met zuurstof , vindt plaats in de mitochondriën
• Citroenzuurcyclus: 36 ATP
,celmembraan
, Membraantransport:
• Passief (diffusie , osmose , filtratie)
• Actief (kost ATP)
• Endocytose en exocytose (met blaasjes = vesicles)
Diffusie
Actief transport
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