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Samenvatting Gedragstherapie
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Samenvatting van college 1 t.e.m. college 11
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GEDRAGSTHERAPIE1 MA Klinische Psychologie
VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL
Schooljaar 2022 - 2023
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: introductie gedragstherapie ............................................................................................. 4
Hoofdstuk 2: exploratie en taxatie ......................................................................................................... 5
1. Exploratie .................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Weten over de cliënt en zijn context ................................................................................... 6
1.2 Inventarisatie van klachten en probleem ............................................................................ 7
1.3 Inventarisatie van klachten en probleemgebieden ............................................................. 7
1.4 Wat is de hulpvraag van de cliënt? ..................................................................................... 9
1.5 Is er acuut gevaar of dreiging? ............................................................................................ 9
1.6 Ontwikkelingsgeschiedenis van de cliënt............................................................................ 9
2. Taxatie....................................................................................................................................... 11
2.1 Werken in verschillende versnellingen .............................................................................. 11
2.2 Essentiele factoren ............................................................................................................ 11
2.3 Selectie van het eerste te behandelen probleem ............................................................. 12
2.4 Globaal procesmodel......................................................................................................... 12
College 3: analyse onderkennend ....................................................................................................... 16
1. Analyse ..................................................................................................................................... 16
1.1 Onderkennende diagnostiek ............................................................................................. 17
1.2 De verklarende diagnostiek ............................................................................................... 20
College 4: klassieke conditionering en de betekenisanalyse.............................................................. 22
1. Klassieke conditionering ........................................................................................................... 22
1.1 Theoretische basis ............................................................................................................ 22
1.2 Wat wordt er geleerd tijdens (klassieke) conditionering? ................................................. 25
1.3 Drie paden naar het aanleren van een verband (Rachman, 1977) .................................. 27
1.4 Belangrijke begrippen ........................................................................................................ 28
2. Van experiment naar klinische casusconceptualisatie............................................................. 31
2.1 De betekenisanalyse ......................................................................................................... 31
College 5: Operante conditionering en de operante analyse.............................................................. 37
1. Operante conditionering ........................................................................................................... 37
1.1 Theoretische basis ............................................................................................................ 37
1.2 De 6 procedures van operante conditionering .................................................................. 38
1.3 Bijkomende principes van operante conditionering .......................................................... 40
1.4 Schema’s van bekrachtiging ............................................................................................. 41
2. De functieanalyse ..................................................................................................................... 42
2.1 Selectie van operant coping gedrag.................................................................................. 42
2.2 Persoongerichte analyse van relevante consequenties ................................................... 43
2.3 Leergeschiedenis en culturele/maatschappelijke context van de cliënt ........................... 45
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, 2.4 Rekening houdend met het zelfbeeld van de cliënt .......................................................... 45
3. Het kernproces .......................................................................................................................... 48
College 6: behandelplan en de eerste gedragstherapeutische technieken........................................ 53
1. Opstellen van het behandelplan ............................................................................................... 53
1.1 Doelen formuleren ............................................................................................................. 54
1.2 Interventies koppelen aan doelen ..................................................................................... 54
2. Overzicht (basis) interventies in de (cognitieve) gedragstherapie ........................................... 58
2.1 Exposure ............................................................................................................................ 58
College 7: Interventies op niveau UCS/UCR, CR en CS .................................................................... 67
1. Aangrijpingspunt UCS/UCR ..................................................................................................... 67
1.1 Theoretische achtergrond ................................................................................................. 67
2. Cognitieve psychologie ............................................................................................................. 67
2.1 Assumpties ........................................................................................................................ 68
2.2 Kernschema’s .................................................................................................................... 69
2.3 Denkfouten ........................................................................................................................ 70
3. Cognitieve therapie ................................................................................................................... 71
3.1 Basisprincipes cognitieve therapie .................................................................................... 71
3.2 Psycho-educatie rond cognitieve therapie ........................................................................ 72
3.3 Huiswerk ............................................................................................................................ 72
3.4 Uitdagen van automatische gedachten, assumpties en kerngedachten .......................... 73
3.5 Evalueren automatische gedachten, assumpties en kernschema’s ................................ 75
College 8: schematherapie .................................................................................................................. 81
1. Schemagerichte benadering – Jeffery Young .......................................................................... 81
1.1 Vroeg onaangepaste schema’s ......................................................................................... 81
1.2 Vijf schemadomeinen ........................................................................................................ 83
1.3 Identificeren van schema’s ................................................................................................ 86
1.4 Copingstijlen en schema modi .......................................................................................... 87
2. Behandeling .............................................................................................................................. 89
2.1 Veranderingen van schema’s ............................................................................................ 89
College 9: Interventies op niveau R .................................................................................................... 91
1. Gedragsexperimenten .............................................................................................................. 91
1.1 Operante technieken ......................................................................................................... 92
1.2 Toename gewest gedrag ................................................................................................... 93
1.3 Afname ongewenst gedrag ............................................................................................... 94
1.4 Gedragsactivatie ................................................................................................................ 95
1.5 Vaardigheidstraining .......................................................................................................... 97
1.6 Zelfcontrole technieken ................................................................................................... 102
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, College 10: Interventies op niveau van de CS, CR ........................................................................... 103
en proces gerelateerde interventies .................................................................................................. 103
1. Interventies op niveau CS....................................................................................................... 103
1.1 Stimuluscontrole bij de CS en de SD .............................................................................. 103
1.2 Psycho-educatie .............................................................................................................. 104
2. Interventies op niveau CR ...................................................................................................... 104
2.1 Activatierespons .............................................................................................................. 104
2.2 Relaxatie .......................................................................................................................... 105
3. Proces gerelateerde interventies ............................................................................................ 106
3.1 Mindfulness ...................................................................................................................... 106
3.2 ACT .................................................................................................................................. 106
College 11: Outcome monitoring ....................................................................................................... 111
1. Evaluatie ................................................................................................................................. 111
1.1 Systematische evaluatie .................................................................................................. 112
1.2 Wat evalueren?................................................................................................................ 112
1.3 Hoe vaak evalueren?....................................................................................................... 112
2. Veranderingen ........................................................................................................................ 113
2.1 Veranderingen omwille van interventie ........................................................................... 113
2.2 Klinische significante veranderingen ............................................................................... 113
2.3 Bespreken met de cliënt .................................................................................................. 114
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