Certified Kubernetes Administrator Cert practice exam questions fully solved & updated

What is Kubernetes? an open source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. container-runtime agnostic. What are containers used for? containers wrap software in independent, portable packages Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:00 Full screen What are the benefits of containers? easy to quickly run software in a variety of environments, smaller than virtual machines, boot up quicker, easy to integrate into automation What is orchestration used for? To ensure that multiple instances of a piece of software are spread across multiple servers for high availability, allow deployment of new code changes, and creating new containers to handle additional load What are the parts of a three node cluster? Kube master, kube nodes 1 and 2 What is Docker? a container runtime, the software that actually runs the containers What are pods? the smallest and most basic building block of the kubernetes model what do pods consist of? pods consist of one or more containers, storage resources, and a unique ip address in the cluster network What needs to happen in order to run containers? kubernetes needs to schedule pods to run on servers in the cluster What kind of architecture does kubernetes implement? clustered architecture What happens in a typical production environment? multiple servers are able to run workloads, these servers run the containers What do the control servers do in a kubernetes cluster? manage and control the cluster and host the kubernetes API What do the worker nodes do in a kubernetes cluster? run applications within the cluster How does the kubernetes networking model work? It involves creating a virtual network across the whole cluster What are the characteristics of pods in a cluster? every pod has a unique IP address and can communicate with any other pod in the cluster, even if that pod is running on a different node What do the control plane components do? manage and control the cluster? What does the etcd component do? provide distributed, synchronized data storage for the cluster state what does the kube-apiserver do? serves the kubernetes API, the primary interface for the cluster state what does the kube-controller-manager do? bundle several components into one package what does the kube scheduler do? schedule pods to run on individual nodes What does kubelet do? its the agent that executes containers on each node what does kube-proxy do? it handles network communication between nodes by adding firewall routing rules What is a namespace? virtual clusters backed by the same physical cluster Where do kubernetes objects live? In namespaces What namespace are objects in if not specified? default namespace What does kubeadm create for system components? the kube-system namespace What are nodes? the machines where the containers managed by the cluster run What is the cloud-controller-manager used for? provides an interface between K8s and various cloud platforms What is a container runtime? software that is responsible for actually running containers on the machine How are the components run on the cluster? kubeadm runs the components as pods How do you achieve high availability in kubernetes? by designing the cluster with multiple control plane nodes What are the two design patterns for managing etcd in a high availability set up? stacked etcd and external etcd What happens in stacked etcd? In HA setups, each control plane node has its own etcd instance what happens in external etcd? Etcd is running on separate nodes from the control plane components Which etcd pattern is sued when clusters are set up with kubeadm? stacked etcd What are the benefits of external etcd? You can have any number of control plane instances and any number ofetcd nodes What is the official command line interface for kubernetes? kubectl What tools allow you to set up kubernetes clusters easily? kubeadm and minikube What is the difference between minikube and kubeadm? With minikube you can stand up a kubernetes cluster using just a single server or machine What tool is used for templating and package management for kubernetes objects? Helm What tool can be used for transitioning from docker to kubernetes? Kompose What is a configuration management tool for kubernetes objects? Kustomize What is node draining? When you gracefully terminate any containers running on a node and remove it from service in order to perform maintenance How can you drain a node using kubectl? kubectl drain node-name How can we drain nodes that have DaemonSet pods running on them? by using the --ignore-daemonsets flag