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Body Composition – Questions & Verified Solutions
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Body Composition – Questions & Verified SolutionsDefine Anthropometry. ✔️Ans - - Quantitative measures of selected
human landmarks.
Define Body composition. ✔️Ans - -Body composition - two-component
model - the amount of fat and fat-free mass of which the body is composed.
Define fat-free mass. ✔️Ans - -Fat-free mass is primarily composed of
bone, muscle, vital organs, and connective tissue.
What is the four-component model? ✔️Ans - -Fat
-Protein
-Minerals
-Water
Why assess body composition? (5 points) ✔️Ans - - Suitable body
composition is important for health.
- Establish reasonable fatness ranges for athletes in various sports
- Accurate measures of body composition are needed to develop sound
weight reduction programs
- Knowledge of bone mineral content in women and children is
important.
- Monitor changes in body composition associated with disease.
Define essential fat. ✔️Ans - -Fat that is required for normal
physiological functioning -
structural components of cell membranes, required for the synthesis of
certain hormones, transport of fat-soluble vitamins,etc.
Define storage fat. ✔️Ans - -Fat that is stored in adipose tissue for energy
supply purposes. It is located underneath the skin, in the abdominal cavity,
and around certain organs.
Average male vs. average female ✔️Ans - The average male is taller,
heavier, has a larger muscle mass, and a lower total body fat content.
, Female has sex specific fat depots in the breasts, pelvic and thigh regions,
and probably other areas.
Define male and female type obesity. ✔️Ans - "Male type" obesity -
excess fat is deposited on the upper torso and around the abdomen. Male
type obesity is associated with higher health risks (apple shape).
"Female type" obesity - excess fat is deposited below the waist in the
thighs, hips, and buttocks (ie) pear shape. After menopause females begin
depositing more fat in the abdominal area
What are the functions of adipose tissue? ✔️Ans - adipose tissue is not
simply a passive storehouse for fat, but an endocrine organ that secretes
more than a dozen peptide and non-peptide compounds that trigger
changes
throughout the body. When fat cells expand they release more of some of
these compounds and less of others. ex. leptin
What are the causes of the obesity epidemic?(6 points) ✔️Ans - -Too
much food, too little activity. The human body is set up to deal with
scarcity.
-Decreased physical activity.
-Increased consumption of calories.
-Social environment (advertising).
-Biology (genetics).
-Possibly Viruses, still being researched.
What is NEAT? ✔️Ans - -Non-exercise activity thermogenesis.
-Energy expended by physical activities other than planned exercise.
What are the two common techniques for assessing body composition?
✔️Ans - Direct methods - chemical analysis of human cadavers
Indirect methods - noninvasive techniques used on living persons
What are the criticisms of height-weight tables? ✔️Ans - (1) These tables
do not consider body composition.
(2) Most of the data in the 1983 Metropolitan Life Insurance Height-Weight
tables comes from white, middle-class, U.S. adults age 25 to 59 years. This
is not a representative sample of the general North American population.
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