ABFM In training exam pearls Graded A+

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), what meds, and what do you have check first? - Emtricitabine/tenofovir gotta check Hep B first -apparently they kill hep B too, so if you suddenly stop the med, then reactivated hep B can lead to liver disease entry to balloon time for PCI! - 120 minutes time limit from onset of MI to balloon time - should get it done w/in 12 hours Absolute contraindications to Fibrinolysis - Previous hemorrhage stroke Previous ischemic stroke (4.5hrs-3months prior) Suspected aortic dissection Active bleeding (except menstruation) BP 180/110 (severe hypertension) Streptokinase 6 months prior acute cholecystitis - Acute inflammation of the gallbladder wall Patient with pulmonary HTN due to left heart failure, can they have vasodilators (PDE5?) - NO! can make things worse -maximize heart failure treatment! Sever's Diseaese - Calcaneal apophysitis, also called Sever's disease, is a common cause of heel pain in young athletes, especially those who participate in basketball, soccer, track, and other sports that involve running. Typically the heel apophysis closes by age 15. Treatment options include activity modification, the use of ice packs and/or moist heat, stretching, analgesics, and orthotic devices. The use of therapeutic ultrasound on the active bone growth plates in children is contraindicated. in pressure ulcers what solutions to avoid, and what to use! - recommended that pressure ulcers not be cleaned with povidone/iodine, Dakin's solution, hydrogen peroxide, wet-to-dry dressings, orany solutions that may impede granulation tissue formation. These sites should be cleaned with either saline or tap water and covered with hydrocolloid, foam, or another nonadherent dressing that promotes a moist environment. Chronic paraoxysmal hemicrania - resembles cluster headache but has some important differences. Like cluster headaches, these headaches are unilateral and accompanied by conjunctival hyperemia and rhinorrhea. However, these headaches are more frequent in women, and the paroxysms occur many times each day. This type of headache falls into a group of headaches that have been labeled indomethacin-responsive headaches because they respond dramatically to *indomethacin.* normal spirometry but low DLCO - chronic pulmonary embolus