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Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 1 Study Guide A+Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 1 Study Guide A+
1. Illness Prevention Activities: Focus on the avoidance of disease, infection, and other co-
morbidities. (pg. 18)
Examples include:
a. Teaching the importance of hand hygiene to decrease transmission of infection.
b. Advocating/administering pneumonia immunizations for those at risk.
c. Promoting quitting smoking.
d. Promoting adequate nutrition and a diet with high vitamin C.
2. Primary Care: Focus on health promotion, preventative services, health education, and
early detection screenings. Services are directed toward keeping the patient well by
preventing illness. (Examples: immunizations, physicals, fluoride in water, promoting
patients to stop smoking.) (pg. 18)
Secondary Care: Services to diagnose and treat illness, disease, and injury. (Examples:
pap smears, breast examinations, BP screenings) (pg. 18)
Tertiary Care: Long term rehabilitation services, and end of life care. (Examples: hospice,
inpatient rehab facilities, nursing homes) (pg. 18)
3. Nursing Organizations: (pg. 14)
a. ANA (American Nurse Association) – official professional organization for nurses
in the United States. Establishes and maintains standards to promote high
quality care and work toward licensure.
b. NLN (National League for Nursing) – 1st nursing organization with a goal to
establish and maintain a universal standard of education. This program sets
standards for nursing programs.
c. ICN (International Council of Nursing) – Represents nursing on a global level.
Aims at ensuring nursing quality for all, supports global health policies, strives to
improve working conditions for nurses around the world.
d. NSNA (National Student Nurses Association) – Represents nursing students in
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, Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 1 Study Guide A+
the United States.
e. STTI (Sigma Theta Tau International) – International National Honor Society for
Nursing.
4. State Board of Nursing – Responsible for regulating nursing practice. Goal is to protect
the health, safety and welfare of the general public. (pg. 12)
5. Stages of Proficiency – Created by Patricia Benner (1984) (pg. 11)
a. Stage 1: Novice – begins at the onset of your education. Has little nursing
experience. First stage of acquiring clinical knowledge.
b. Stage 2: Advanced Beginner – New graduate nurse. Focuses more on aspects of
a clinical situation. Can distinguish abnormal findings, but cannot readily
understand a significance.
c. Stage 3: Competence – 2-3 years of nursing practice. Able to handle their patient
load and prioritize situations.
d. Stage 4: Proficient – Can take in all aspects of a situation and give meaning to the
cluster of data. Can see the “big picture.”
e. Stage 5: Expert – able to see what needs to be done and how to do it.
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