ACHE BOG Exam Sample Test -100 Questions and correct answers 100%
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UNE Biochemistry
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UNE Biochemistry Final, Final, Final Exam Review UNE
medical biochemistry| 290 Questions| With Complete
Solutions
A comatose infant is brought to the ER. In the course of the
examination, plasma ammonia was found to be elevated 20-fold over
normal values. Urine orotic acid and uracil were both greater than
normal. A defect of which of the following enzymes is the most likely
diagnosis? - correct answerOrnithine transcarbamoylase
Your patient presents with a deficiency of the enzyme that catalyzes
synthesis of N-acetylglutamate (NAGs). Which of the following would
be a consequence of this deficiency in the patient? - correct
answerIncreased amino acids in the blood
The cellular uptake of LDL increases intracellular cholesterol levels.
This has which of the following impacts on de novo cholesterol
synthesis? - correct answerIncreases degradation of HMG-CoA
reductase
Dietary cholesterol is primarily transported in the body by which of the
following lipoproteins? - correct answerChylomicron
Secondary bile salts are generated by bacterial modification of primary
bile salts in the intestinal lumen. These modifications have which of
the following impacts on bile salt solubility? - correct answerDecrease
solubility
A 47-year-old male is prescribed a statin (HMG-CoA reductase
inhibitor) to manage his elevated LDL cholesterol. What is the initial
mechanism of action for obtaining the desired effect in this man? -
correct answerDecreasing hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis
A deficiency in the LDL receptor will result in an initial decrease in
which of the following? - correct answerIntracellular cholesterol
,A 45-year-old man has a mild heart attack and a history of vascular
disease. He is placed on a Mediterranean diet and statin drug therapy.
Which of the following will be the most likely result of this drug
therapy? - correct answerLow blood LDLs
A 45-year-old man is found to have an elevated serum triglycerides of
> 730mg/dL. He tells you he forgot to fast before his visit and he ate a
full breakfast of bacon and eggs before the labs were drawn. Which of
the following lipoproteins would be the largest contributors to a
measurement of plasma triglycerides in this situation? - correct
answerChylomicrons and VLDLs
In the reaction catalyzed by cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP),
the VLDL particle receives which of the following compounds from
HDL particles? - correct answerCholesterol-ester
In reverse cholesterol transport HDL interacts with the ABCA1
transporter to move cholesterol from the cell to the HDL. This also
requires the activity of which of the following enzyme? - correct
answerLecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)
HDL particles interact with VLDL particles to exchange cholesterol
ester for triacylglyerols. Which of the following enzymes is responsible
for this process? - correct answerCholesterol ester transfer protein
(CETP)
Which of the following is a major source of extracellular cholesterol for
human tissues? - correct answerLDLs
An individual is suspected of having a deficiency in branched chain
keto acid dehydrogenase. Supplementation of which of the following
vitamins or cofactors may help resolve this issue? - correct
answerThiamine
A 55-year old man presents to his primary care physician with bouts of
dizziness and confusion. He is diagnosed with hyperhomocysteinemia
,due to a deficiency of cystathionine-ß synthase. In this individual
which of the following amino acids could potentially become essential?
- correct answerCysteine
Phenylketonuria can be caused by an enzymatic deficiency or it can
present due to a deficiency in which of the following required
metabolic cofactors? - correct answerTetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)
A 17-year old female presents to her primary care and is diagnosed
with a Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency. In this individual, which of
the following reactions would be compromised? - correct
answerConversion of methyl malonyl-Co A to succinyl-CoA
A 15-year-old female presents to her pediatrician with concerns over
her inability to sleep, increased feelings of depression and generalized
fatigue. A full laboratory work-up is ordered and based on these
findings she is diagnosed with a melatonin deficiency. Based on this
information, metabolism of which of the following amino acids is likely
impaired? - correct answerTryptophan
A 52-year- old male sought medical help complaining about
progressive appearance of hyperchromic (hyper pigmented) papules
on the edge of the second finger of both hands. He also complained
about darkening of urine. Incisional biopsy of one of the spots on his
hands and urine sample tested positive for or homogentisic acid.
Based on these findings a diagnosis of alkaptonuria is made. This
diagnosis is consistent with a deficiency in which of the following
enzymes? - correct answerHomogentisate oxidase
Methotrexate is a potent anticancer agent that starves dividing cells of
deoxyribonucleotides through direct inhibition of which of the following
processes? - correct answerMetabolism of folic acid
A 47-year-old man complains of pain in the joints of his left big toe,
which are obviously swollen and tender. The pain has been chronic
but became intolerable the day after Thanksgiving when he had a
large meal and several glasses of red wine. Based on this information
, a diagnosis of gout is made. Which of the following is involved in the
pathophysiology of this patient's condition? - correct answerElevated
uric acid
Which of the following is the common intermediate for purine
synthesis? - correct answerInosine monophosphate
The ribonucleotide reductase is important for converting ribose bases
to the deoxy form. This conversion is coupled with the oxidation of
which of the following compounds? - correct answerThioredoxin
In pyrimidine synthesis, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II (CPSII)
can be allosterically activated by which of the following compounds? -
correct answer5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate (PRPP)
Which of the following enzymes is used directly in the synthesis of
dTMP (thymidine)? - correct answerThymidylate synthase
The regulation of PRPP synthetase is critical in the production of both
purines and pyrimidines. This enzyme is inhibited under which of the
following conditions? - correct answerWhen both GDP and ADP are
elevated
A 4-year-old girl presented to the clinic with megaloblastic anemia and
failure to thrive. Urinalysis showed significant sediment with extremely
high levels of orotic acid. A deficiency in which of the following
enzymes would be consistent with this presentation? - correct
answerOrotate phosphoribosyltransferase
The transamination of all amino acids requires which of the following
cofactors? - correct answerPyridoxal phosphate (PLP)
Ubiquitination is a means of targeting a protein for which of the
following cellular processes? - correct answerProteasomal
degradation
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