Straighterline Anatomy Final, Straighterline Anat omy & Physiology Exam What is the smallest level of organization in the body that contains the body's genetic information? a. chemical b. cellular c. tissue d. organism -Correct Answer -cellular The cellular level includes the nucleus, an organelle that contains the body's gen etic information. Which is an example of a normally occurring positive -feedback mechanism? Select one: a. elevated blood pressure during exercise b. increase in heart rate after blood loss c. decrease in blood pressure after blood loss d. stretching of the uterus near the end of pregnancy -Correct Answer -d. stretching of the uterus near the end of pregnancy Which of the following processes generates the most ATP within a human cell? Select one: a. glycolysis b. lactic acid fermentation c. oxidative phosphorylation d. citric acid cycle -Correct Answer -c. oxidative phosphorylation During DNA replication, how does each template strand eventually become two identical DNA molecules? Select one : a. The two strands form continuously, catalyzed by DNA polymerase. b. The two strands form continuously, catalyzed by DNA ligase. c. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA polymerase. d. One strand forms continuo usly, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA ligase. -
Correct Answer -d. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA ligase. There is a leading strand and a lagging strand; they don't both form continuously. Which is the most superficial layer of skin that is composed primarily of living cells? Select one: a. stratum corneum b. stratum lucidum c. stratum basale spinosum. d. stratum spinosum -Correct Answer -. d. stratum spinosum (stratum basale layer is below the stratum spinosum) Which of the following is the definition of a third degree burn? Select one: a. a burn that covers at least 25% of the skin b. a burn that has destroyed the dermis and epidermis c. a burn that can only be caused by fire d. a burn that does not leave scars -Correct Answer -a burn that has destroyed the dermis and epidermis. How much skin the burn covers does not definite which degree of burn it is. Which of the following types of op enings in the skeletal system does a "sinus" describe? Select one: a. cavity b. cleft c. hole d. tunnel -Correct Answer -a. cavity: a sinus is an air space within bone. Which of the following components of the bone matrix, when removed, allows the bone to be easily shattered? Select one: a. cartilage b. collagen c. hydroxyapatite d. mineral -Correct Answer -b. Collagen is a component of the bone matrix that gives it flexible strength so it is less brittle. Which of the following is the most widely distrib uted type of muscle in the body? Select one: a. cardiac b. postural c. skeletal d. smooth -Correct Answer -d. smooth Which sentence best describes the sliding filament model of muscle contraction? Select one: a. Actin and myosin filaments remain stationa ry. b. Actin and myosin myofilaments shorten. c. Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract. d. Sarcomeres and myofibrils lengthen. -Correct Answer -c. Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract. The shortening of sarcomeres is responsible for contraction, and thus myofibrils (sarcomeres joined end to end) also shorten A doctor performing an autopsy on a p atient concludes that part of the brain was likely damaged by trauma due to a large population of which type of cell? Select one: a. Schwann cells b. microglia c. oligodendrocytes d. ependymal cells -Correct Answer -b. microglia What type of axons is foun d in a gray ramus comunicans? Select one: a. myelinated, pre -ganglionic axons b. myelinated, post -ganglionic axons c. unmyelinated, pre -ganglionic axons d. unmyelinated, post -ganglionic axons -Correct Answer -d. unmyelinated, post -ganglionic axons Which cl ass of chemical messengers is secreted by neurons into synaptic clefts to activate an adjacent cell? Select one: a. autocrine b. endocrine c. neurotransmitter d. paracrine -Correct Answer -c. neurotransmitter Neurotransmitters are secreted into a synaptic cleft by presynaptic nerve terminals. The targeted response of the hormone lipotropin is an increase in which of the following? Select one: a. the breakdown of fat in adipose tissues b. the breakdown of lipids and release of fatty acids from cells This is caused by release of growth hormone.
Correct Answer -d. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA ligase. There is a leading strand and a lagging strand; they don't both form continuously. Which is the most superficial layer of skin that is composed primarily of living cells? Select one: a. stratum corneum b. stratum lucidum c. stratum basale spinosum. d. stratum spinosum -Correct Answer -. d. stratum spinosum (stratum basale layer is below the stratum spinosum) Which of the following is the definition of a third degree burn? Select one: a. a burn that covers at least 25% of the skin b. a burn that has destroyed the dermis and epidermis c. a burn that can only be caused by fire d. a burn that does not leave scars -Correct Answer -a burn that has destroyed the dermis and epidermis. How much skin the burn covers does not definite which degree of burn it is. Which of the following types of op enings in the skeletal system does a "sinus" describe? Select one: a. cavity b. cleft c. hole d. tunnel -Correct Answer -a. cavity: a sinus is an air space within bone. Which of the following components of the bone matrix, when removed, allows the bone to be easily shattered? Select one: a. cartilage b. collagen c. hydroxyapatite d. mineral -Correct Answer -b. Collagen is a component of the bone matrix that gives it flexible strength so it is less brittle. Which of the following is the most widely distrib uted type of muscle in the body? Select one: a. cardiac b. postural c. skeletal d. smooth -Correct Answer -d. smooth Which sentence best describes the sliding filament model of muscle contraction? Select one: a. Actin and myosin filaments remain stationa ry. b. Actin and myosin myofilaments shorten. c. Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract. d. Sarcomeres and myofibrils lengthen. -Correct Answer -c. Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract. The shortening of sarcomeres is responsible for contraction, and thus myofibrils (sarcomeres joined end to end) also shorten A doctor performing an autopsy on a p atient concludes that part of the brain was likely damaged by trauma due to a large population of which type of cell? Select one: a. Schwann cells b. microglia c. oligodendrocytes d. ependymal cells -Correct Answer -b. microglia What type of axons is foun d in a gray ramus comunicans? Select one: a. myelinated, pre -ganglionic axons b. myelinated, post -ganglionic axons c. unmyelinated, pre -ganglionic axons d. unmyelinated, post -ganglionic axons -Correct Answer -d. unmyelinated, post -ganglionic axons Which cl ass of chemical messengers is secreted by neurons into synaptic clefts to activate an adjacent cell? Select one: a. autocrine b. endocrine c. neurotransmitter d. paracrine -Correct Answer -c. neurotransmitter Neurotransmitters are secreted into a synaptic cleft by presynaptic nerve terminals. The targeted response of the hormone lipotropin is an increase in which of the following? Select one: a. the breakdown of fat in adipose tissues b. the breakdown of lipids and release of fatty acids from cells This is caused by release of growth hormone.
