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Samenvatting - Nederlands: communicatieve vaardigheden I
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Alle notities van alle lessen uit het eerste semester staan in deze samenvatting.
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Communicatieve Vaardigheden ILucca Van Volsem
Toegepaste Taalkunde
,Inhoudsopgave
H1 Inleiding ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1. Wat is taalbeheersing? ..................................................................................................................................................... 4
H2 Geschiedenis van het Nederlands ............................................................................................................................... 5
1. Het nederlands anno 2023 ............................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Posi(e van het Nederlands in de wereld ................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Juridische posi(e in Vlaanderen en Nederland ......................................................................................................... 5
2. Anno 2023 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 6
2.1 middeleeuwen: oudnederlands en middelnederlands .............................................................................................. 6
2.2 16e eeuw ................................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 1585 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.4 Vrede van Münster 1648 ........................................................................................................................................... 7
2.5 17e eeuw: gouden eeuw voor noorden..................................................................................................................... 7
2.6 17de eeuw: ondertussen in het zuiden ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.7 18de eeuw: oostenrijkse (jd in het zuiden ................................................................................................................ 7
2.8 1794-1815: Franse (jd in het Zuiden ......................................................................................................................... 7
2.9 1815: Slag bij Waterloo .............................................................................................................................................. 7
2.10 1815 - 1830: Eenmaking Nederlanden onder Willem I ............................................................................................ 7
2.11 1830 Belgische onaSankelijkheid en Vlaamse taalstrijd ......................................................................................... 8
2.12 19de eeuw: Vlaamse taalstrijd................................................................................................................................. 8
2.13 20ste eeuw: Vlaamse taalstrijd ................................................................................................................................ 8
H3 Taalvariëteiten + tussentaal ........................................................................................................................................ 9
1. Inleiding taalnormen ........................................................................................................................................................ 9
1.1 Taal als gedragsnorm ................................................................................................................................................. 9
1.2 Welk soort talen hebben normen? ............................................................................................................................ 9
1.3 Regels vs normen ....................................................................................................................................................... 9
1.4 Taalwetenschap en taalnormen ............................................................................................................................... 10
1.5 Wie bepaalt taalnormen? ........................................................................................................................................ 10
1.6 Gelden dezelfde normen voor elk aspect van taal? ................................................................................................. 10
2. Waar ligt de norm voor het Nederlands taalgebied ....................................................................................................... 10
2.1 Monocentrisme naar pluricentrisme ....................................................................................................................... 10
3. Waar ligt de norm in België ............................................................................................................................................ 12
3.1 Stra(fica(e varia(e Nederlands .............................................................................................................................. 12
3.2 Waar komt het vandaan? ......................................................................................................................................... 12
3.3 Kenmerken ............................................................................................................................................................... 12
3.4 Percep(e van tussentaal .......................................................................................................................................... 13
H4 Werkcollege spelling, interpuncCe & grammaCca ..................................................................................................... 14
1. Overzicht taalfouten en sGjlfouten ................................................................................................................................. 14
H5 Leerpaden Naslagwerken ......................................................................................................................................... 15
1. Het woordenboek in het algemeen ................................................................................................................................ 15
1.1 Opbouw woordenboek ............................................................................................................................................ 15
1.2 Structuur woordenboeken: macroniveau vs microniveau ....................................................................................... 15
1.3 Macrostructuur: selec(ecriteria .............................................................................................................................. 15
1.4 Macrostructuur: ordeningsprincipes ....................................................................................................................... 16
1.5 Microstructuur: soorten informa(e bij een trefwoord ............................................................................................ 16
2. Woordenboeken voor het Nederlands ............................................................................................................................ 17
2.1 Overzicht Team Taaladvies ....................................................................................................................................... 17
2.2 Aanvulling bij overzicht Team Taaladvies ................................................................................................................. 18
3. Enkele bijzondere woordenboeken ................................................................................................................................. 18
3.1 WNT (Woordenboek der Nederlandse taal) ............................................................................................................ 18
, 3.2 Dikke van Dale (Groot woordenboek van de Nederlandse taal) .............................................................................. 19
3.3 ANW (Algemeen Nederlands Woordenboek) .......................................................................................................... 20
3.4 Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal (het Groene Boekje)............................................................................................... 21
4. Taaladvies Databanken................................................................................................................................................... 21
H6 Werkcollege naslagwerken ....................................................................................................................................... 23
1. Gedetailleerde informaGe vrouwelijk vs mannelijk......................................................................................................... 23
H7 Spelling .................................................................................................................................................................... 24
1. Inleiding .......................................................................................................................................................................... 24
1.1 Lange klinkers .......................................................................................................................................................... 24
1.2 Korte klinkers ........................................................................................................................................................... 24
1.3 Tweeklanken ............................................................................................................................................................ 24
1.4 Toonloze e (swja) ..................................................................................................................................................... 24
2. Beginselen van de Nederlandse spelling......................................................................................................................... 24
2.1 Fonologisch principe ................................................................................................................................................ 24
2.2 Morfologisch principe 2 ........................................................................................................................................... 24
2.3 Etymologisch principe .............................................................................................................................................. 25
3. Geschiedenis van de Nederlandse spelling ..................................................................................................................... 25
3.1 Oudnederlandse spelling ......................................................................................................................................... 25
3.2 Middelnederlandse spelling .................................................................................................................................... 25
3.3 16de eeuw: opweg naar eenheidsspelling ................................................................................................................ 25
3.4 17de en 18de eeuw : veel debat ................................................................................................................................ 26
3.5 19de eeuw: Siegenbeeck 1804, Willemsspelling 1839, Spelling De Vries – Te Winkel 1863 ..................................... 26
3.6 20ste eeuw: spelling Kollewijn-Marchant 1934; 1ste groene boekje 1954, spelling Geerts 1994, 1ste herziening GB
1995 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 27
3.7 21ste eeuw: 2de herziening GB en wiee spelling 2005, 3de herziening GB 2015 ....................................................... 28
4. Werkcollege spelling ....................................................................................................................................................... 28
5. Onderzoek over spelfouten ............................................................................................................................................. 28
5.1 Verklaring nega(eve aftudes ................................................................................................................................. 28
5.2 Welke vormen veroorzaken problemen? ................................................................................................................. 28
5.3 Waarom zijn die homofone vormen zo las(g? ........................................................................................................ 29
5.4 Welke dt-fouten maken mensen in homofomen? ................................................................................................... 29
5.6 Follow-up experiment 1 ........................................................................................................................................... 29
5.6 Follow-up experiment 2 ........................................................................................................................................... 29
5.6 Follow-up experiment 3 ........................................................................................................................................... 29
5.7 DT-fouten bij niet-homofone werkwoordsvormen .................................................................................................. 30
5.8 Spellen van homofone klankreeksen ....................................................................................................................... 30
5.9 Alle dt-fouten verklaard? ......................................................................................................................................... 30
5.10 Spellingsaftude .................................................................................................................................................... 30
5.11 Implica(es .............................................................................................................................................................. 30
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