Exam 2: PRN 1562/ PRN1562 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Principles of Mental Health Nursing Review| Questions and Verified Answers|100% Correct| Grade A- Rasmussen

Exam 2: PRN 1562/ PRN1562 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Principles of Mental Health Nursing Review| Questions and Verified Answers|100% Correct| Grade A- Rasmussen Q: OCD Nursing Considerations Allow time for client to complete ritual. Discuss behavioral techniques for managing anxiety and decreasing OCD symp- toms. Help the client learn ways to interrupt obsessive thoughts Q: PTSD and flashbacks Answer: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) are two stress related disorders, which impact a person's ability to function after a traumatic event. The signs and symptoms of the disorders are the same. The difference between them is time. A person diagnosed with Acute Stress Disorder will have symptoms resolve within a month. If the person continues to have symptoms after one month, it will then move into the diagnosis of PTSD. Q: Flashback Answer: acting or feeling as though the traumatic event is happening again who have been diagnosed with PTSD may also experience dissociative symptoms, or recurrent feelings of being detached. This can include a flashback, feeling you are losing touch with events going on around you, and "blanking out," or being unable to remember a period of time. Q: Mania symptoms Answer: Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity Decreased need for sleep Increased talkativeness Flights of idea or racing thoughts Distractibility Increase in goal-directed activity or psychomotor agitation Increase in risky behavior Q: Major Depressive Disorder Answer: The most common of the depressive disorders MDD) is a medical illness that affects how you feel, think, and behave, causing persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities. MDD represents the classic condition in this group of disorders. Q: seasonal affective disorder (SAD) Answer: Mood is impacted by changes in weath- er/environment; light therapy is 1st line treatment. Q: Bipolar I disorder Answer: At least one manic episode and one clearly defined depres- sive episode Bipolar I disorder is characterized by at least one episode of "persistent or ele- vated, expansive or irritable mood" (mania), accompanied by changes in activity and energy. The diagnosis frequently includes a major depressive episode as part of a person's psychiatric history. (Refer to Chapter 15 on depressive disorders.) There is marked impairment in social and occupational functioning. Psychosis may accompany the manic episode or the depressive episode, and hospitalization may be warranted Q: Bipolar II disorder Answer: Periods of depression alternating with hypomanic episodes 4 days. The criteria for bipolar II disorder include at least one period of hypomania alternating with one or more periods of depression. Those with a bipolar II disorder never experience a full manic episode. Typically, an individual seeks treatment during a depressive episode. The brief periods of hypomania may be missed. When a person is experiencing a hypomanic episode, they have a decreased need for sleep, possibly inflated self-esteem, increased energy or activity, and distractibility and engage in activities that can cause harm such as overspending, sexual indiscretions, and impulsive business decisions. This is different from mania in that risks and consequences are less severe and are less likely to cause marked impairment in function (Harvard University, 2019). Those with bipolar II disorder tend to have more severe depressive symptoms and spend more time in a depressive state. Q: CAM assessment (confusion assessment method) The CAM short form (SF) and 3D-CAM are shortened versions of the assessment. =instruments/confusion-assessment The particular tool used is dependent on the treatment team's needs and goals and the population being assessed Use the following memory tool (MINDSPACES) to screen for risk factors associated with delirium M-Medications: polypharmacy, multiple classes of medications, medication wean- ing/withdrawal (refer to "Beers Criteria" for drugs to avoid a ) I—Infection and advanced illness N—Number of cooccurring conditions/comorbidities (hypertension, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], obstructive sleep apnea [OSA]) D—Disorders of substance or alcohol use (including withdrawal) S—Surgery and/or invasive procedures (including anesthesia medications) P—Pain (uncontrolled), perfusion problems A—Age: young children and older adults are most at risk but may occur at any age C—Cognitive impairment and/or dementia E—Emotional or mental illness (depression, anxiety) S—Sleep disturbances and altered patterns of sleep Cognitive and Perceptual Disturbances Q: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)