This document is very synthetic and will show the main questions and answers you should never miss when talking about microbiology. The document is updated with the latest information within it.
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MICROBIOLOGY BASIC QUESTIONS
BY DR. ALEXANDER MENDIETA
1. Bacterial Structure and Function:
- What are the main components of a bacterial cell wall, and how do they contribute to
bacterial structure?
- Explain the difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
- How do bacterial flagella contribute to motility?
2. Bacterial Growth and Reproduction:
- Define binary fission and describe the stages involved in bacterial cell division.
- What factors influence bacterial growth, and how do they impact microbial populations?
3. Viral Structure and Replication:
- Describe the structure of a typical virus.
- Explain the differences between the lytic and lysogenic cycles in viral replication.
4. Fungal Classification and Characteristics:
- Differentiate between yeasts and molds in terms of structure and reproduction.
- What are the main features that distinguish fungi from other microorganisms?
5. Antimicrobial Agents:
- Describe the mechanisms of action of antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungals.
- What is the difference between bacteriostatic and bactericidal agents?
6. Microbial Pathogenesis:
- Explain the concept of virulence in microbial pathogens.
- Describe the stages of microbial infection, including adherence, colonization, and invasion.
7. Host-Pathogen Interactions:
- Discuss the host's immune response to bacterial and viral infections.
- How do pathogens evade the host immune system?
8. Microbial Diseases:
- Provide examples of bacterial, viral, and fungal diseases, and discuss their symptoms and
modes of transmission.
- Explain the concept of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals.
9. Microbial Control and Sterilization:
- Describe different methods of microbial control, including physical and chemical methods.
- What is the difference between disinfection and sterilization?
Alexander Mendieta |
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