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Hoorcollege 3, Samenvatting introductie biologisch onderzoek
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Samenvatting introductie biologisch onderzoek (deel 3), eerstejaars. Saxion forensisch onderzoek
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🌱Week 3 IBO
Lichaamsvloeistoffen || Bloed, speeksel en semen
Intracellular fluid = fluid inside cells (2/3 van al het lichaamsvocht)
Extracellular fluid = fluid outside cells ( 1/3 van al het lichaamsvocht) mainly blood
plasma
To be soluble in water, a substance must be an ion, gas, small polar molecule or a
large molecule having many polar, hydrophilic or ionic groups on its surface.
Inorganic ions known as electrolytes are major contributors to the osmolarity
(amount of dissolved solute per volume of solution) of body fluids and they move
about as necessary to maintain charge balance.
Blood travels through peripheral tissue in a network of tiny, hair-like capillaries that
connect the arterial and venous parts of the circulatory system. This is where
nutrients and end products of metabolism are exchanged between blood and
interstitual fluid. Water and many small solutes move freely across the capillary walls
in response to differences in fluid pressure and concentration.
Analyse van lichaamsvloeistoffen handig binnen FO
Verliest ze vaak onvrijwillig / onopgemerkt
Aanwezigheid geeft informatie (contact, bloedspatpatroon)
Persoonlijk identificeerbaar (bevat vaak DNA)
Veel FO handelingen op een PD zijn gericht op vastleggen / identificeren /
verzamelen van lichaamsvloeistoffen.
Week 3 IBO 1
, Bloedonderzoek kan worden gebruikt binnen de FO binnen de afdeling Toxicologie
voor het meten van een alcohol en drugsgehalte. Denk verder aan
bloedspatpatronen, DNA onderzoek en bloedgroepbepaling.
Er zijn 3 groepen biologische sporen
1. Bloed, sperma en speeksel
2. Haren
3. Biologische contact sporen
Bloed
Major functions of blood : Transport, Regulation and Defense.
Bloed bestaat 55% uit bloedplasma (plasma eiwitten, water en opgeloste stoffen),
45% uit erythrocyten = rode bloedplaatjes (bloedplaatjes, witte bloedcellen en rode
bloedcellen) en <1% uit bloedplaatjes + witte bloedcellen.
Samenstelling van bloed : bloedplasma is het vloeibare deel van je bloed en heeft
een gelige kleur en bestaat uit water en eiwitten, gassen, hormonen, vetten,
mineralen (calcium en calium) en stollingsfactoren.
A blood clot consists of blood cells trapped in a mesh of the insoluble fibrous protein
known as fibrin. Clot formation is a multiple-step process requiring participation of
12 clotting factors :
calcium ion is one of the factors, others most of which are glycoproteins are
synthesized in the liver by pathways that require vitamin K as a coenzyme.
The body’s mechanism for halting blood loss from even the tiniest capillary is
referred to as hemostasis. The first events in hemostasis are (1) constriction of
surroundings blood vessels and (2) formation of a plug composed of the blood cells
known as platelets at the site of tissue damage. Next a blood clot is formed in a
process that is triggered by 2 pathways : (1) the intrinsic pathway begins when blood
makes contact with the negatively charged surface of the fibrous protein collagen,
which is exposed at the site of tissue damage. (2) The extrinsic pathway begins
Week 3 IBO 2
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