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Hoorcollege 4, Samenvatting warmte & gasdynamica
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Hoorcollege 4, Samenvatting warmte & gasdynamica. Eerstejaars forensisch onderzoek saxion
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🌘Week 4 Warmte & Gasdynamica
Warmte en Calorimetrie
H19 Heat and the First Law of Thermodynamics
Heat as Energy Transfer
Warmte stroomt van de ene plek naar de andere (warm naar koud). Als de warmtestroom in evenwicht
is met de thermometer is de temperatuur een maat voor de gemiddelde kinetische energie.
(thermometer heeft hier dan dezelfde temperatuur als zijn omgeving).
Thermodynamica : bestuderen van processen waarbij energie wordt overgedragen als warmte en
arbeid.
The common unit for heat is caloric (cal) and is defined as the amount of heat necessary to raise the
temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 Celsius degree. More often used than the calorie is the kilocalorie
(kcal) which is 1000 calories.
4.186 J = 1 cal
4.186 kJ = 1 kcal
Warmte is de energie die overgedragen wordt naar een plek met minder warmte, de eenheid voor
warmte is Joule.
Internal Energy
Warmte = de overdracht van energie van voorwerp 1 naar voorwerp 2 door temperatuurverschil
Temperatuur = maat voor de gemiddelde kinetische energie van de deeltjes
Inwendige energie - thermische energie = totale energie van alle deeltjes in het systeem (som van
kinetische en potentiële energie van alle deeltjes)
Notice that the direction of heat flow between 2 objects depends on their temperatures, not on how
much internal energy each has. Thus, if 50 g of water at 30 graden Celsius is placed in contact with
200 g of water at 25 graden Celsius, heat flows from the water at 30 graden Celsius to the water at 25
graden Celsius even though the internal energy of the 25 graden Celsius water is much greater
because there is so much more of it.
Week 4 Warmte & Gasdynamica 1
, ^ ideal monatomic gas
where n is the number of moles. Thus, the internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on temperature
and the number of moles of gas. ( sprake van 1 atoom en geen onderlinge krachten)
If the gas molecules contain more than one atom, then the rotational and vibrational energy of
molecules must also be taken into account. The internal energy will be greater at a given temperature
than for a monatomic gas, but it will still be a function only of temperature for an ideal gas. The internal
energy of real gases also depends mainly on temperature, but where real gases deviate from ideal gas
behavior, their internal energy depends also somewhat on pressure and volume (due to atomic
potential energy).
Er is dus sprake van een niet ideaal gas met onderlinge krachten (potentiële energie).
Specific heat
Als een hoeveelheid warmte Q (energie) wordt toegevoegd aan een voorwerp stijgt de temperatuur
van dat voorwerp (als er geen sprake is van een faseovergang) = soortelijke warmte
Week 4 Warmte & Gasdynamica 2
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