Summary
GEN-30306 Genetic Analysis Trends and Concepts - GATC Samenvatting
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Alle experimenten uitgevoerd tijdens het vak Genetic Analysis Trends and Concepts (GATC) samengevat.
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GENETIC ANALYSIS, TRENDS AND CONCEPTSTHE EXPERIMENTS
Experiment A: Three-Point Cross Aspergillus nidulans
Tweede wet van Mendel independent assortment of genes
Niet mogelijk wanneer genen gelinkt zijn
Gene linkage
Loci van twee genen liggen op het zelfde chromosoom / dicht bij elkaar en worden daarom
gezamenlijk overgeërfd
o Dominante allelen op zelfde chromosoom cis conformate
o Dominante allele op verschillend chromosoom trans conformate
Maken van nieuwe allelcombinates alleen mogelijk door cross-over recombinanten gevormd
o Cross-over in chiasmata
o Recombinanten < 50%
o In 4 chromatden stadium van meiose (te zien door 4 verschillende optes in tetrad)
Tree-point testcross kruisen van trihybride met driedubbele recessieve tester
Meest voorkomende combinates parents
Minst voorkomend double cross-overs
Mapping
In kaart brengen van afstanden tussen genen
o 1 map unit / 1 centmorgan = 1% recombginantenfrequente
Berekenen recombinatenfrequente
Aantal recombinanten/totaal * 100% GEEN UNSEEN MULTIPLE CROSSOVERS MEEGENOMEN
Correcte voor unseen multple crossovers7
Recombinantenfrequente = ½(1-e-m) m = -ln(1-2RF)
De afstand wordt dan berekend door ½ * m * 100
Berekende afstand van buitenste 2 markers altjd kleiner dan som andere afstanden
DCO niet meegenomen zijn in berekening.
Beste manier voor afstand berekenen dus som van de twee korte afstanden
Interference
Optreden van een crossover remt het optreden van een tweede crossover
o 1 – (observed number DCO / expected number DCO)
Chi-Square test
o Testen of loci gelinkt zijn
2 (observed−expected)2
χ=
expected
o Som van chi-square > 3.84 dan zijn de loci gelinkt
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